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. 2020 Jul 8;25(14):3112. doi: 10.3390/molecules25143112

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Cortical, subcortical, and brainstem levels of taste processing and taste learning. From bottom to top, arrows indicate the ascending taste pathway from the oral cavity and the afferent and efferent projections associated to taste learning. The cranial nerves involved in taste processing from the oral membranes are also shown.