Table 3. Vacancy Formation Ef Energies for Au, Ni, Co, and Fe, Obtained with Density Functional Theory, Evaluated for the Bulk and for the Surface.
| E | Au | Ni | Co | Fe |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ef (eV) | 0.67 | 1.63 | 2.26 | 2.02 |
| Ef,s (eV) | 0.52 | 0.89 | 1.13 | 0.62 |
| Ef,s/Ef | 0.78 | 0.55 | 0.50 | 0.31 |
| E | Au | Ni | Co | Fe |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ef (eV) | 0.67 | 1.63 | 2.26 | 2.02 |
| Ef,s (eV) | 0.52 | 0.89 | 1.13 | 0.62 |
| Ef,s/Ef | 0.78 | 0.55 | 0.50 | 0.31 |