Table 2.

The effect of various doses of PMG on oxidative stress markers in the cerebral cortex.

Treatment groups	MDA (ng/mg protein)	SOD (units/mg protein)	CAT (units/mg protein)	GSH-Px (units/mg protein)
ND+vehicle	0.27 ± 0.04	6.76 ± 0.30	17.47 ± 0.76	8.22 ± 0.49
HCHF+sham+vehicle	0.29 ± 0.02	6.49 ± 0.14	16.85 ± 1.26	7.96 ± 0.64
HCHF+MCAO+vehicle	2.33 ± 0.25aaa, bbb	1.16 ± 0.24aaa, bbb	0.52 ± 0.09aaa, bbb	0.99 ± 0.16aaa, bbb
HCHF+MCAO+vitamin C	0.52 ± 0.04∗	4.38 ± 0.35∗∗	6.99 ± 0.61	5.79 ± 0.36∗
HCHF+MCAO+Piracetam	0.58 ± 0.04	3.67 ± 0.43	6.25 ± 0.30	3.99 ± 0.32
HCHF+MCAO+PMG 50	0.52 ± 0.02∗	4.09 ± 0.33∗	14.90 ± 1.36∗∗	5.77 ± 0.96∗
HCHF+MCAO+PMG 100	0.51 ± 0.04∗	5.17 ± 0.86∗∗∗	15.54 ± 3.02∗∗	6.54 ± 1.68∗∗∗
HCHF+MCAO+PMG 200	0.51 ± 0.03∗	4.37 ± 0.37∗∗	6.76 ± 2.13	5.75 ± 0.48∗

Data are presented as mean ± SEM (n = 6/group). ^aaap values < 0.001; compared between naïve control rats which received normal diet and vehicle, and metabolic syndrome+MCAO rats which received HCHF, MCAO, and vehicle, ^bbbp values < 0.001; compared between sham rats which received HCHF, sham operation, and vehicle, and metabolic syndrome+MCAO rats which received HCHF, MCAO, and vehicle and ^∗, ^∗∗, ^∗∗∗p values < 0.05, 0.01, and 0.001, respectively; compared to metabolic syndrome+MCAO rats which received HCHF, MCAO, and vehicle. ND: normal diet; HCHF: high-carbohydrate high-fat diet; MCAO: middle cerebral artery occlusion; vitamin C: the Vitamin C at a dose of 250 mg.kg⁻¹ BW; piracetam: the piracetam at a dose of 250 mg.kg⁻¹ BW; PMG 50, PMG 100, and PMG 200: the phytosome containing the combined extract of mulberry fruit and ginger at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg.kg⁻¹ BW, respectively.