Table 5.
Multivariate adjusted odds ratio for non-communicable disease biomarkers by tertiles of four dietary patterns
| AHEI-2010 | MSB | RF | FVS | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 | T2 | T3 | P-Trend | T1 | T2 | T3 | P-Trend | T1 | T2 | T3 | P-Trend | T1 | T2 | T3 | P-Trend | |
| BMI (Overweight/Obese vs Normal) | ||||||||||||||||
| Model 1 | Ref | 1.0 (0.92, 1.08) | 1.1 (1.02, 1.19) | 0.012 | ref | 1.5 (1.34, 1.87) | 1.1 (1.05, 1.22) | < 0.001 | ref | 1.1 (1.05, 1.22) | 1.2 (1.11, 1.30) | < 0.001 | ref | 0.93 (0.86, 1.01) | 0.98 (0.91, 1.06) | 0.948 |
| Model 2 | Ref | 1.1 (0.97, 1.15) | 1.1 (1.02, 1.21) | 0.016 | ref | 1.3 (1.19, 1.42) | 1.3 (1.21, 1.47) | < 0.001 | ref | 1.1 (1.03, 1.23) | 1.2 (1.08, 1.32) | 0.001 | ref | 0.89 (0.82, 0.97) | 0.85 (0.77, 0.92) | < 0.001 |
| FBG (Diabetes vs Normal) | ||||||||||||||||
| Model 1 | Ref | 0.96 (0.88, 1.05) | 0.96 (0.88, 1.04) | 0.368 | ref | 1.2 (1.08, 1.30) | 1.3 (1.15, 1.37) | < 0.001 | ref | 0.99 (0.91, 1.08) | 0.93 (0.85, 1.01) | 0.091 | ref | 0.84 (0.77, 0.91) | 0.88 (0.82, 0.98) | 0.074 |
| Model 2 | Ref | 0.97 (0.88, 1.07) | 0.95 (0.86, 1.04) | 0.282 | ref | 1.1 (1.03, 1.27) | 1.2 (1.10, 1.36) | < 0.001 | ref | 0.99 (0.90, 1.10) | 0.87 (0.77, 0.98) | 0.016 | ref | 0.84 (0.76, 0.92) | 0.88 (0.80, 0.97) | 0.043 |
| Total cholesterol (High vs Desirable) | ||||||||||||||||
| Model 1 | Ref | 0.99 (0.89, 1.09) | 1.1 (1.04, 1.25) | 0.006 | ref | 1.5 (1.36, 1.66) | 1.5 (1.33, 1.63) | < 0.001 | ref | 1.0 (0.93, 1.12) | 0.89 (0.82, 0.99) | 0.021 | ref | 1.1 (1.0, 1.21) | 1.1 (1.04, 1.26) | 0.01 |
| Model 2 | Ref | 0.96 (0.86, 1.07) | 1.0 (0.93, 1.15) | 0.474 | ref | 1.4 (1.23, 1.53) | 1.4 (1.29, 1.62) | < 0.001 | ref | 1.1 (1.01, 1.25) | 1.1 (0.99, 1.29) | 0.073 | ref | 1.0 (0.94, 1.17) | 1.0 (0.92, 1.13) | 0.85 |
| HDL-cholesterol (Low vs Desirable) | ||||||||||||||||
| Model 1 | Ref | 0.90 (0.76, 1.07) | 1.1 (0.92, 1.28) | 0.308 | ref | 1.5 (1.22, 1.77) | 2.2 (1.86, 2.63) | < 0.001 | ref | 0.96 (0.81, 1.14) | 0.90 (0.76, 1.07) | 0.245 | ref | 1.0 (0.84, 1.20) | 1.1 (0.96, 1.35) | 0.11 |
| Model 2 | Ref | 0.88 (0.74, 1.06) | 1.1 (0.89, 1.27) | 0.408 | ref | 1.2 (1.03, 1.51) | 1.7 (1.41, 2.10) | < 0.001 | ref | 1.0 (0.85, 1.23) | 1.0 (0.81, 1.25) | 0.971 | ref | 0.93 (0.78, 1.11) | 1.1 (0.90, 1.29) | 0.273 |
| LDL-cholesterol (High vs Desirable) | ||||||||||||||||
| Model 1 | Ref | 1.1 (1.01, 1.21) | 1.2 (1.09, 1.30) | < 0.001 | ref | 1.4 (1.23, 1.48) | 1.2 (1.10, 1.32) | 0.002 | ref | 1.0 (0.92, 1.09) | 0.83 (0.75, 0.90) | < 0.001 | ref | 1.1 (1.03, 1.23) | 1.2 (1.05, 1.26) | 0.006 |
| Model 2 | Ref | 1.0 (0.95, 1.16) | 1.1 (0.97, 1.18) | 0.181 | ref | 1.3 (1.15, 1.41) | 1.3 (1.15, 1.43) | < 0.001 | ref | 1.2 (1.05, 1.29) | 1.2 (1.07, 1.37) | 0.002 | ref | 1.1 (0.95, 1.16) | 1.0 (0.93, 1.14) | 0.662 |
| Triglycerides (High/Very High vs Desirable) | ||||||||||||||||
| Model 1 | Ref | 0.93 (0.84, 1.01) | 0.95 (0.86, 1.04) | 0.297 | ref | 1.2 (1.11, 1.34) | 1.4 (1.28, 1.54) | < 0.001 | ref | 1.2 (1.06, 1.28) | 1.4 (1.31, 1.57) | < 0.001 | ref | 0.91 (0.83, 0.99) | 0.94 (0.86, 1.02) | 0.328 |
| Model 2 | Ref | 0.97 (0.88, 1.07) | 0.98 (0.88, 1.07) | 0.626 | ref | 1.3 (1.4, 1.39) | 1.3 (1.16, 1.43) | < 0.001 | ref | 1.0 (0.90, 1.10) | 0.96 (0.85, 1.08) | 0.454 | ref | 0.96 (0.87, 1.06) | 0.90 (0.81, 1.0) | 0.044 |
| Blood pressure (Hypertension vs Normal) | ||||||||||||||||
| Model 1 | Ref | 1.1 (0.98, 1.14) | 1.1 (0.99, 1.16) | 0.805 | ref | 1.1 (0.99, 1.17) | 0.84 (0.77, 0.91) | < 0.001 | ref | 0.94 (0.86, 1.02) | 0.84 (0.78, 0.91) | < 0.001 | ref | 1.0 (0.93, 1.09) | 0.96 (0.89, 1.05) | 0.356 |
| Model 2 | Ref | 0.99 (0.91, 1.09) | 1.0 (0.91, 1.09) | 0.919 | ref | 1.2 (1.10, 1.31) | 1.1 (1.01, 1.22) | 0.082 | ref | 1.0 (0.95, 1.13) | 1.02 (0.92, 1.14) | 0.708 | ref | 0.93 (0.86, 1.02) | 0.88 (0.81, 0.96) | 0.008 |
AHEI alternative healthy eating index, MSB Meat and sweetened beverages pattern, RF Rice and fish pattern, FVS Fruit, vegetables and snack pattern, T1 tertile 1, T2 tertile 2, T3 tertile 3, ref. reference group, BMI body mass index, FBG fasting blood glucose. Values are odds ratios (95% confidence intervals). Model 1 was unadjusted logistic regression model. Model 2 was adjusted for total energy intake, age, sex, smoking status, drinking status, urbanity, and wealth status. bMissing values (Blood Pressure: 659, Total Cholesterol: 2196, HDL-cholesterol:2196, LDL:2204, BMI:909)