1	Alabbasi T, Nathens A, Tien H. Blunt splenic injury and severe brain injury: a decision analysis and implications for care. Canadian Journal of Surgery. 2015;58(3):S108-S117.
2	Baygeldi S, Karakose O, Özcelik K, Pülat H, Damar S, Eken H et al. Factors Affecting Morbidity in Solid Organ Injuries. Disease Markers. 2016;2016:1-6.
3	Benjamin E, Cho J, Recinos G, Dilektasli E, Lam L, Brunner J et al. Negative computed tomography can safely rule out clinically significant intra-abdominal injury in the asymptomatic patient after blunt trauma. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery. 2018;84(1):128-132.
4	Beuran M, Gheju I, Venter MD, Marian RC, Smarandache R. Non-operative management of splenic trauma. J Med Life. 2012;5(1):47-58.
5	Bhullar I, Frykberg E, Siragusa D, Chesire D, Paul J, Tepas J et al. Age Does Not Affect Outcomes of Nonoperative Management of Blunt Splenic Trauma. Journal of the American College of Surgeons. 2012;214(6):958-964.
6	Bhullar I, Frykberg E, Siragusa D, Chesire D, Paul J, Tepas J et al. Selective angiographic embolization of blunt splenic traumatic injuries in adults decreases failure rate of nonoperative management. The Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery. 2012;72(5):1127-1134.
7	Bhullar IS, Fryberg E, Tepas JJ, Siragusa D, Loper T, Kerwin AJ. At first blush: absence of computed tomography contrast extravasation in Grade IV or V adult blunt splenic trauma should not be preclude angioembolization. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2013;74(1):105-111.
8	Bhullar I, Tepas J, Siragusa D, Loper T, Kerwin A, Frykberg E. To nearly come full circle: Nonoperative management of high-grade IV–V blunt splenic trauma is safe using a protocol with routine angioembolization. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery. 2017;82(4):657-664.
9	Brault-Noble G, Charbit J, Chardon P, Barral L, Guillon F, Taourel P et al. Age should be considered in the decision making of prophylactic splenic angioembolization in nonoperative management of blunt splenic trauma. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery. 2012;73(5):1213-1220.
10	Brillantino A, Iacobellis F, Robustelli U, Villamaina E, Maglione F, Colletti O et al. Non operative management of blunt splenic trauma: a prospective evaluation of a standardized treatment protocol. European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery. 2015;42(5):593-598.
11	Carr J, Roiter C, Alzuhaili A. Correlation of operative and pathological injury grade with computed tomographic grade in the failed nonoperative management of blunt splenic trauma. European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery. 2012;38(4):433-438.
12	Chastang L, Bège T, Prudhomme M, et al. Is non-operative management of severe blunt splenic injury safer than embolization or surgery? Results from a French prospective multicenter study. J Visc Surg. 2015;152(2):85–91.
13	Cimbanassi S, Chiara O, Leppaniemi A, Henry S, Scalea TM, Shanmuganathan K, et al. Nonoperative management of abdominal solid-organ injuries following blunt trauma in adults: Results from an International Consensus Conference. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2018;84(3):517-31.
14	Coccolini F, Montori G, Catena F, Kluger Y, Biffl W, Moore EE, et al. Splenic trauma: WSES classification and guidelines for adult and pediatric patients. World Journal of Emergency Surgery. 2017;12(1):40.
15	Demetriades D, Hadjizacharia P, Constantinou C, Brown C, Inaba K, Rhee P et al. Selective Nonoperative Management of Penetrating Abdominal Solid Organ Injuries. Transactions of the Meeting of the American Surgical Association. 2006;124:285-293.
16	Demetriades D, Scalea T, Degiannis E, Barmparas G, Konstantinidis A, Massahis J et al. Blunt splenic trauma. The Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery. 2012;72(1):229-234.
17	Duchesne J, Simmons J, Schmieg R, McSwain N, Bellows C. Proximal Splenic Angioembolization Does Not Improve Outcomes in Treating Blunt Splenic Injuries Compared With Splenectomy: A Cohort Analysis. The Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care. 2008;65(6):1346-1353.
18	Ermolov A, Tlibekova M, Yartsev P, Levitsky V, Chernysh O. Laparoscopic Splenectomy in Patients With Spleen Injuries. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech. 2015;25(6):483-486.
19	Fata P, Robinson L, Fakhry SM. A survey of EAST member practices in blunt splenic injury: a description of current trends and opportunities for improvement. J Trauma. 2005;59(4):836–842.
20	Gardiner G. Nonoperative Management of Traumatic Splenic Injuries: Is There a Role for Proximal Splenic Artery Embolization?. Yearbook of Diagnostic Radiology. 2007:250-252.
21	Hsieh T, Tsai T, Liu Y, Hsieh C. How Does the Severity of Injury Vary between Motorcycle and Automobile Accident Victims Who Sustain High-Grade Blunt Hepatic and/or Splenic Injuries? Results of a Retrospective Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2016;13(7):739.
22	Jabbour G, Al-Hassani A, El-Menyar A, Abdelrahman H, Peralta R, Ellabib M et al. Clinical and Radiological Presentations and Management of Blunt Splenic Trauma: A Single Tertiary Hospital Experience. Medical Science Monitor. 2017;23:3383-3392.
23	Jeremitsky E, Kao A, Chad C, Rodriguez A, Ong A. Does splenic embolization and grade of splenic injury impact nonoperative management of patients sustaining blunt splenic trauma?. The American Surgeon. 2011;77(2):215-220.
24	Karthikeyan S. To Operate or not to Operate, That is the Question! Review of Management of Splenic Trauma in our Institution over the Past 15 Years. New Indian Journal of Surgery. 2016;7(2):139-143.
25	Miller P, Chang M, Hoth J, Mowery N, Hildreth A, Martin R et al. Prospective Trial of Angiography and Embolization for All Grade III to V Blunt Splenic Injuries: Nonoperative Management Success Rate Is Significantly Improved. Journal of the American College of Surgeons. 2014;218(4):644-648.
26	Mohseni S, Holzmacher J, Sjolin G, Ahl R, Sarani B. Outcomes after resection versus non-resection management of penetrating grade III and IV pancreatic injury: A trauma quality improvement (TQIP) databank analysis. Injury. 2018;49(1):27-32.
27	Muroya T, Ogura H, Shimizu K, Tasaki O, Kuwagata Y, Fuse T et al. Delayed formation of splenic pseudoaneurysm following nonoperative management in blunt splenic injury. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery. 2013;75(3):417-420.
28	Olthof DC, Joosse P, van der Vlies CH, de Haan RJ, Goslings JC. Prognostic factors for failure of nonoperative management in adults with blunt splenic injury: a systematic review. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2013;74(2):546-57.
29	Olthof DC, Luitse JS, de Rooij PP, Leenen LP, Wendt KW, Bloemers FW, et al. Variation in treatment of blunt splenic injury in Dutch academic trauma centers. J Surg Res. 2015;194(1):233-8.
30	Olthof DC, van der Vlies CH, Goslings JC. Evidence-Based Management and Controversies in Blunt Splenic Trauma. Curr Trauma Rep. 2017;3(1):32-7.
31	Omert L, Salyer D, Dunham C, Porter J, Silva A, Protetch J. Implications of the “Contrast Blush” Finding on Computed Tomographic Scan of the Spleen in Trauma. The Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care. 2001;51(2):272-278.
32	Peitzman A, Ferrada P, Puyana J. Nonoperative Management of Blunt Abdominal Trauma: Have We Gone Too Far?. Surgical Infections. 2009;10(5):427-433.
33	Rosati C, Ata A, Siskin G, Megna D, Bonville D, Stain S. Management of splenic trauma: a single institution’s 8-year experience. The American Journal of Surgery. 2015;209(2):308-314.
34	Sabe AA, Claridge JA, Rosenblum DI, Lie K, Malangoni MA. The effects of splenic artery embolization on nonoperative management of blunt splenic injury: a 16-year experience. J Trauma. 2009;67(3):565–572.
35	Saurabh G, Kumar S, Gupta A, Mishra B, Sagar S, Singhal M et al. Splenic trauma - our experience at a level I Trauma Center. Turkish Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery. 2011;17(3):238-242.
36	Savage SA, Zarzaur BL, Magnotti LJ, Weinberg JA, Maish GO, Bee TK, et al. The evolution of blunt splenic injury: resolution and progression. The Journal of trauma. 2008;64(4):1085-92
37	Schnüriger B, Kilz J, Inderbitzin D, Schafer M, Kickuth R, Luginbühl M et al. The accuracy of FAST in relation to grade of solid organ injuries: A retrospective analysis of 226 trauma patients with liver or splenic lesion. BMC Medical Imaging. 2009;9(1).
38	Shamim S, Razzak J, Umer S, Chawla T. Splenic Injury After Blunt Abdominal Trauma: An Unusual Presentation. The Journal of Emergency Medicine. 2011;41(5):489-491.
39	Smalls N, Obirieze A, Ehanire I. The impact of coagulopathy on traumatic splenic injuries. American journal of surgery. 2015;210(4):724-9.
40	Smith S, Morris L, Spreadborough S, Al-Obaydi W, D’Auria M, White H et al. Management of blunt splenic injury in a UK major trauma centre and predicting the failure of non-operative management: a retrospective, cross-sectional study. European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery. 2017;44(3):397-406.
41	Stassen NA, Bhullar I, Cheng JD, et al. Selective nonoperative management of blunt splenic injury: an Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma practice management guideline. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2012;73(5 Suppl 4): S294–S300.
42	Tan K, Chiu M, Vijayan A. Management of isolated splenic injuries after blunt trauma: an institution's experience over 6 years. Medical Journal of Malaysia. 2010;65(4):304-6
43	Teuben MPJ, Spijkerman R, Blokhuis TJ, Pfeifer R, Teuber H, Pape HC, et al. Safety of selective nonoperative management for blunt splenic trauma: the impact of concomitant injuries. Patient safety in surgery. 2018; 12:32.
44	Zarzaur BL, Kozar RA, Fabian TC, Coimbra R. A Survey of American Association for the Surgery of Trauma Member Practices in the Management of Blunt Splenic Injury. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery. 2011;70(5):1026-31.
45	Zarzaur BL, Croce MA, Fabian TC. Variation in the use of urgent splenectomy after blunt splenic injury in adults. J Trauma. 2011;71(5):1333–1339.
46	Zarzaur B, Rozycki G. An update on nonoperative management of the spleen in adults. Trauma Surgery & Acute Care Open. 2017;2(1).