Table 3.
Multivariate analysis of the predicting association of clinical factors with occurrence of hyponatremia
| OR (95% CI) | p | |
|---|---|---|
| Age (per 10-year increase) | 1.115 (1.023–1.159) | 0.03* |
| Alcohol consumption | 1.112 (1.002–1.273) | 0.04* |
| Male sex | 0.947 (0.861–1.047) | 0.29 |
| Kidney failure | 1.043 (0.945–1.154) | 0.39 |
| LVEF ≤45% | 0.943 (0.994–1.001) | 0.25 |
| Arterial hypertension | 0.947 (0.854–1.049) | 0.29 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 1.114 (1.012–1.224) | 0.02* |
| Previous AMI | 1.053 (0.946–1.191) | 0.31 |
| Current smoking | 1.069 (0.953–1.258) | 0.19 |
| Hydrochlorothiazide | 0.976 (0.863–1.093) | 0.63 |
| 250 to 500 mg furosemide | 1.138 (1.043–1.344) | 0.009* |
| 50 to 100 mg spironolactone | 1.197 (1.126–1.484) | 0.0003* |
| β-blocker | 0.959 (0.878–1.053) | 0.39 |
| Calcium antagonist | 0.935 (0.827–1.036) | 0.18 |
| ARB | 1.049 (0.929–1.249) | 0.32 |
| ACEI | 1.074 (0.973–1.178) | 0.16 |
| Aspirin | 0.977 (0.886–1.076) | 0.63 |
| Digoxin | 0.943 (0.837–1.045) | 0.24 |
Odds ratios (OR) and p values were obtained from the logistic regression analysis. CI Confidence Interval, LVEF Left ventricular ejection fraction, AMI Acute myocardial infarction, ARB Angiotensin II receptor I blocker, ACEI Angiotensin converting enzyme-inhibitor
* Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05)