TABLE 3.
Predictors of Death by Day 28 Postadmission (All Patients)
| Variable | Bivariate Model | Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis, OR (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Survival | Nonsurvival | P | ||
| No. (%) | 3472 (96.4) | 129 (3.6) | — | — |
| Wt category, No. (%) | <.0001 | |||
| Underweight | 975 (27.1) | 60 (46.5) | 1.79 (1.15–2.77) | |
| Normal wt | 1539 (44.3) | 50 (38.8) | Reference | |
| Overweight | 400 (11.5) | 9 (7.0) | 0.58 (0.26–1.29) | |
| Obese | 558 (16.1) | 10 (7.8) | 0.60 (0.29–1.24) | |
| Wt at ICU admission, kg, median (IQR) | 19.0 (10.6–40.3) | 15.5 (10–31.5) | .04 | NS |
| Sex (male), No. (%) | 1916 (55.2) | 76 (58.9) | .4 | — |
| Age, mo, median (IQR) | 64.2 (18.9–148.6) | 59.1 (19.8–142.7) | .8 | — |
| Age category, y | ||||
| <2 | 1032 (29.7) | 36 (27.9) | .11 | — |
| 2–19 | 2390 (68.8) | 88 (68.2) | — | — |
| 20+ | 50 (1.4) | 5 (3.9) | — | — |
| Race or ethnic group, No. (%) | ||||
| White | 2082 (60.0) | 58 (45.0) | .0007 | NS |
| Black or African American | 548 (15.8) | 16 (12.4) | .3 | — |
| American Indian | 39 (1.1) | 1 (0.8) | 1.0 | — |
| Asian | 371 (10.7) | 39 (30.2) | <.0001 | NS |
| Hispanic | 20 (0.6) | 0 (0) | 1.0 | — |
| Other or unknown | 426 (12.3) | 15 (11.6) | 1.0 | — |
| Admission diagnosis, No. (%) | ||||
| Sepsis | 480 (13.8) | 48 (37.2) | <.0001 | NS |
| Shock | 689 (19.8) | 70 (54.3) | <.0001 | 3.38 (2.21–5.19) |
| Cardiovascular | 129 (3.7) | 22 (17.1) | <.0001 | 2.54 (1.37–4.73) |
| Respiratory failure | 1358 (39.1) | 69 (53.5) | .001 | 1.59 (1.05–2.41) |
| Surgical or trauma | 1146 (33.0) | 11 (8.5) | <.0001 | NS |
| Central nervous system | 611 (17.6) | 35 (27.1) | .006 | 2.43 (1.52–3.89) |
| Pain management or sedation | 126 (3.6) | 1 (0.8) | .09 | — |
| No. comorbidities, median (IQR) | 1 (1–2) | 2 (1–3) | <.0001 | NS |
| At least 3 comorbidities, No. (%) | 731 (21.1) | 45 (34.9) | .0002 | NS |
| Comorbidity, No. (%) | ||||
| Cardiovascular | 440 (12.7) | 33 (25.6) | <.0001 | NS |
| Pulmonary | 1357 (39.1) | 51 (39.5) | .9 | — |
| Neurologic | 1249 (36.0) | 42 (32.6) | .4 | — |
| Gastrointestinal | 685 (19.7) | 30 (23.3) | .3 | — |
| Renal or urologic | 220 (6.3) | 13 (10.1) | .1 | — |
| Hematologic | 191 (5.5) | 31 (24.0) | <.0001 | 2.91 (1.72–4.91) |
| Infectious disease | 280 (8.0) | 20 (15.5) | .003 | NS |
| Immunologic | 71 (2.0) | 6 (4.7) | .06 | — |
| Rheumatologic | 35 (1.0) | 1 (0.8) | 1.0 | — |
| Neuromuscular | 409 (11.8) | 16 (12.4) | .8 | — |
| Metabolic | 421 (12.1) | 21 (16.3) | .16 | — |
| Mechanical ventilation support, No. (%) | 1029 (29.6) | 87 (67.4) | <.0001 | NSa |
| Vasoactive support, No. (%) | 446 (12.9) | 81 (62.8) | <.0001 | 5.15 (3.34–7.92) |
| AKI, No. (%) | ||||
| Maximum stage, No. (%) | ||||
| No AKI | 2453 (74.0) | 65 (51.6) | — | Reference |
| KDIGO stage 1 | 523 (15.8) | 16 (12.7) | — | 0.99 (0.54–1.80) |
| KDIGO stage 2 | 201 (6.1) | 10 (7.9) | <.0001 | 0.86 (0.40–1.82) |
| KDIGO stage 3 | 140 (4.2) | 35 (27.8) | — | 4.31 (2.56–7.26) |
| Renal replacement therapy, No. (%) | 34 (1.0) | 18 (14.0) | <.0001 | NSa |
| Ventricular assist device, No. (%) | 4 (0.1) | 0 (0) | 1.0 | — |
| Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, No. (%) | 12 (0.4) | 1 (0.8) | .4 | — |
Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis models. NS, nonsignificant; —, not applicable.
a
Mechanical ventilation, renal replacement therapy, and vasoactive support were strongly collinear and could not be tested in the same model. All 3 variables were significant when entered individually into the full model, but the model with vasoactive support provided the highest explanatory value.