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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Aug 3.
Published in final edited form as: Drug Alcohol Depend. 2019 Nov 7;206:107721. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.107721

Table 3.

Model for Females. Continuous time survival mixture model for return to illicit drug use by emergent victimization classes.

Hazard Ratio [95% CI] or Odds Ratio [95% CI]
Parameter High All High Emotional Abuse High Physical Abuse High Sexual Abuse Low all
Model 1: Overall
Latent Class Growth Factor
Intercept αu (HR) 1.35 [1.06, 1.71] 1.23 [0.97, 1.57] 1.28 [0.89, 1.84] 1.25 [0.83, 1.87] 0 (Fixed)
Model 2: PTSD symptoms
Latent Class Growth Factor
Intercept αu (HR) 1.60 [1.05, 2.42] 1.15 [0.81, 1.61] 0.98 [0.58, 1.66] 1.63 [0.93, 2.87] 0 (Fixed)
PTSD (HR) 1.00 [0.96, 1.04] 1.06 [1.01, 1.11] 1.11 [1.03, 1.19] 0.99 [0.93, 1.06] 1.09 [1.05, 1.14]
Latent Class Regression
PTSD (OR) 2.38 [2.28, 2.49] 1.21 [1.16,1.26] 1.21 [1.14, 1.28] 132 [1.24, 1.40] REF
Model 3: MDD symptoms
Latent Class Growth Factor
Intercept αu (HR) 1.07 [0.61, 1.86] 0.86 [0.51, 1.49] 1.36 [0.73, 2.67] 1.46 [0.72, 2.94] 0 (Fixed)
MDD (HR) 1.08 [1.01, 1.14] 1.11 [1.05, 1.18] 1.05 [0.95, 1.16] 1.03 [0.95, 1.13] 1.10 [1.06, 1.14]
Latent Class Regression
MDD (OR) 1.49 [1.43, 1.57] 1.31 [1.24, 1.36] 1.21 [1.13, 1.29] 1.32 [1.23, 1.41] REF
Model 4: PTSD & MDD symptoms
Latent Class Growth Factor
Intercept αu (HR) 1.14 [0.65, 2.00] 0.83 [0.48, 1.42] 1.26 [0.65, 2.44] 1.48 [0.71, 3.07] 0 (Fixed)
PTSD (HR) 0.96 [0.92, 1.01] 1.03 [0.97, 1.08] 1.11 [1.03, 1.20] 0.96 [0.84, 1.09] 1.04 [0.99, 1.10]
MDD (HR) 1.11 [1.03, 1.19] 1.10 [1.02, 1.18] 0.98 [0.88, 1.09] 1.07 [0.92, 1.24] 1.07, 1.03, 1.12]
Latent Class Regression
PTSD (OR) 8.98 [6.26, 12.7] 2.52 [1.80, 3.54] 2.09 [1.30, 3.37] 4.29 [2.62,7.02] REF
MDD (OR) 5.12 [3.05, 8.61] 4.19 [2.78, 6.33] 2.94 [1.70, 5.09] 3.31 [1.75,6.25] REF

Note: Thresholds and control variables (age, race/ethnicity, self-reported gender, criminal justice involvement, most severe drug needing treatment for, time spent in the community) are not shown for these models for ease of reading, however, were estimated in each model. PTSD = post-traumatic stress disorder; REF = reference class; OR = Odds Ratio; 95% CI = 95% confidence interval. Model 1: initial continuous time survival model by emergent trauma classes; Model 2: PTSD as a moderator of survival probability by emergent class; Model 3: MDD as a moderator of survival probability by emergent class; Model 4: both PTSD and MDD as moderators of survival probability by emergent class. Highlights in bold indicates confidence interval does not include 1.