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. 2020 Aug 2;8(1):e001113. doi: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2019-001113

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© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

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TGF-β1 pathway activation is reduced following RYGB. (A) The upstream regulator function of Ingenuity pathway analysis software was used to predict master transcriptional regulators underpinning disease-associated shifts in the renal cortical transcriptome in SHAM-operated rats and changes in the disease-associated transcriptome arising secondary to RYGB. Color intensity reflects weighted z-score. (B) Annotation of the KEGG TGF-β signaling pathway with genes, the expression of which is significantly altered by RYGB. Green signifies that expression is reduced by RYGB and red indicates increased expression following RYGB. (C) Validation of expression changes in Grem-2 and Id4 at the mRNA level was undertaken by quantitative RT-PCR. *P<0.05 SHAM versus fa/+ and #p<0.05 RYGB versus SHAM. RT-PCR, reverse transcriptase PCR; RYGB, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass; SHAM, sham surgery (laparotomy); TGF-β, transforming growth factor.