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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2020 Mar 5;40(5):1110–1122. doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.119.312467

Figure 4: B cell subtype regulation of inflammatory mediators in adipose tissue and potential impact on atherosclerosis:

Figure 4:

In lean mice, AT resident B-1 cells and M-2 macrophages secrete anti-inflammatory cytokines and natural IgM that attenuate AT inflammation and potentially atherosclerosis. In contrast, in obese mice, AT becomes dysfunctional followed by recruitment of inflammatory immune cells. Recruited B-2 cells and M-1 macrophages secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines and IgG that promote AT inflammation and potentially atherosclerosis. The impact of AT B cells may be systemic or local via effects in the PVAT.