Table 2.

Lipid-based nanoformulation

Diseases	Antiviral drug	Type of nanodelivery system	Lipid/polymer used as carrier	Key findings	Ref
HIV	Stavudine	Gelatin liposomes	Soya lecithin, gelatin	Improves targeting to a reservoir site Controls residual viremia	[69]
VZV, diseases caused by herpes zoster, herpes simplex virus	Acyclovir	Solid lipid nanoparticles	Compritol 888 ATO and soya lecithin	Improve transdermal delivery	[70]
Conjunctival, corneal, and intraocular infections and retinitis	Acyclovir	Solid lipid nanoparticles	Stearic acid, Cithrol GMS, Compritol	Improve ocular delivery	[71]
HIV	Efavirenz	Solid lipid nanoparticles	Glyceryl monostearate, Tween 80	Enhances solubility	[72]
HIV	Lopinavir	SLN	Stearic acid	High LPV accumulation in lymphoidal organs	[73].
HIV, herpes infection	Acyclovir	Nanostructured lipid carrier	Compritol®888 ATO, Lauroglycol™ 90, Capryol™ 90, Tween® 40	Increased permeation	[74]
HIV	Indinavir	Lipid nanoemulsion	Cholesterol, Tween 80	Improved drug permeability	[62]
HIV	Saquinavir	Nanoemulsion	Lipoid®-80	Improved bioavailability Higher amount of the drug was able to reach the brain	[61]
Herpes infection	Acyclovir palmitate	Reconstituted HDL acyclovir palmitate	Phosphatidylcholin, sodium deoxycholate	High liver targeting property	[75]