Table 3.

Clinical presentation and demographics

	Age/ Gender	BMI	Symptoms	Frankel Grade	KPS	Surgical Indication	Operation	EBL	OR time
Case 1	69F	38	LLE pain, weakness, bladder incontinence	D	60	L4–5 unstable spondylolisthesis	L4–5 laminectomy, L4–5 posterolateral fusion	400 ml	403 mins
Case 2	76F	33	RLE pain, weakness, bladder incontinence	D	60	L4–5 unstable spondylolisthesis	L4–5 laminectomy, L4–5 posterolateral fusion	100 ml	207 mins