TABLE 5.
Associations between EED biomarkers (anti-flagellin and anti-LPS Igs) and iron status (Hb, sTfR, and ferritin) for 548 Ugandan infants aged 6 mo old1
| Hb,2 g/dL | sTfR,3 mg/L (adj) | Ferritin,3 μg/L (adj) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β (95% CI) | P | β (95% CI) | P | β (95% CI) | P | |
| Anti-flagellin IgA, OD | −0.24 (−0.45, −0.02) | 0.034* | 0.31 (−0.72, 1.34) | 0.53 | 1.94 (−0.87, 4.47) | 0.16 |
| Anti-flagellin IgG, OD | −0.58 (−1.13, 0.00) | 0.049* | 2.31 (0.34, 4.28) | 0.025* | 7.65 (0.28, 15.58) | 0.06 |
| Anti-LPS IgA, OD | −0.26 (−0.51, 0.00) | 0.047* | 0.53 (−0.39, 1.45) | 0.24 | 2.74 (0.36, 5.12) | 0.027* |
| Anti-LPS IgG, OD | −0.60 (−1.28, 0.09) | 0.08 | 3.13 (0.75, 5.51) | 0.013* | 4.87 (−1.07, 10.80) | 0.10 |
1
Values are β-coefficients (95% CIs) and P values from linear regression models with a continuous biomarker term. EED biomarkers were ln-transformed before analysis. Models controlled for infant sex, age, and subcounty clustering. *P < 0.05. adj, adjusted; BRINDA, Biomarkers Reflecting Inflammation and Nutrition Determinants of Anemia; EED, environmental enteric dysfunction; Hb, hemoglobin; Ig, immunoglobulin; OD, optical density; sTfR, soluble transferrin receptor.
2
n = 488.
3
sTfR and ferritin adjusted for inflammation using the BRINDA method (36).