TABLE 1.
Sociodemographic and cardiometabolic indicators in Guatemalan adults (n = 123)1
| Overall (n = 123) | Males (n = 77) | Females (n = 46) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographic | ||||
| Age at follow-up,5 y | 43.0 (40.0, 46.0) | 44.0 (40.0, 47.0) | 43.0 (40.0, 45.0) | 0.422 |
| Anthropometric | ||||
| BMI, kg/m2 | 25.0 (23.3, 27.0) | 24.7 (23.1, 26.6) | 25.6 (24.3, 27.9) | <0.052 |
| Biochemical | ||||
| Glucose profile | ||||
| Fasting blood glucose, mg/dL | 94.9 (90.9, 98.8) | 96.0 (93.0, 99.6) | 93.2 (89.7, 95.8) | <0.012 |
| Postprandial glucose, mg/dL | 99.4 (90.9, 112) | 94.7 (88.3, 104) | 105 (98.9, 118) | <0.012 |
| HbA1c, % | 5.6 (5.4, 5.8) | 5.6 (5.4, 5.8) | 5.6 (5.4, 5.8) | 0.333 |
| Plasma lipid concentrations | ||||
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 108 (83, 142) | 115 (87, 157) | 102 (73, 125) | 0.062 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 167 (146, 194) | 162 (146, 187) | 174 (147, 199) | 0.243 |
| HDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 42.7 (36.8, 49.0) | 40.6 (35.9, 46.8) | 47.0 (40.4, 54.2) | <0.014 |
| Non-HDL cholesterol,6 g/dL | 0.13 (0.11, 0.14) | 0.12 (0.10, 0.14) | 0.13 (0.11, 0.15) | 0.923 |
| Clinical | ||||
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 115 (108, 121) | 117 (110, 122) | 110 (102, 119) | <0.014 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 67.5 (63.0, 73.0) | 68.0 (64.0, 73.5) | 66.5 (61.5, 70.5) | 0.023 |
Study participants did not have any of the assessed cardiometabolic diseases, that is, obesity (52), hypertension (53), diabetes (54), or metabolic syndrome (55), including comorbidities (see Supplemental Table 2). Data values are median (IQR). HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin.
P values based on Wilcoxon rank-sum tests (for nonnormally distributed continuous variables).
P values from t tests (for normally distributed continuous variables) with equal variance (pooled).
P values from t tests (for normally distributed continuous variables) with unequal variance (Satterthwaite).
At study visit date (of biological sample collection) in 2015–2017 data collection.
Non-HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) calculated as the difference between total (mg/dL) and HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) plasma concentrations.