TABLE 2.

Fetal arterial biochemistry in CON and LEU sheep¹

	CON		LEU		P values
	Baseline	Final	Baseline	Final	Time	Treatment	Interaction
Whole blood hemoglobin, g/dL	6.59 ± 0.28	6.40 ± 0.32	6.78 ± 0.23	6.66 ± 0.21	0.03	0.69	0.39
Whole blood pH	7.37 ± 0.01	7.36 ± 0.01	7.37 ± 0.01	7.35 ± 0.01	0.08	0.80	0.642
Whole blood pCO2, mm Hg	51.1 ± 0.9	50.7 ± 0.7	53.4 ± 1.6	53.6 ± 1.1	0.64	0.09	0.90
Whole blood pO2, mm Hg	19.3 ± 1.6	19.6 ± 0.8	19.3 ± 1.2	17.7 ± 1.1	0.57	0.44	0.31
Whole blood hemoglobin-O2 saturation, %	43.6 ± 5.7a	46.1 ± 3.1a	42.6 ± 3.4ab	34.1 ± 2.9b	0.34	0.15	0.08
Whole blood O2 content, mmol/L	2.8 ± 0.3a	2.9 ± 0.2a	2.8 ± 0.2a	2.2 ± 0.2b	0.21	0.17	0.09
Plasma glucose, mmol/L	1.1 ± 0.0	1.0 ± 0.0	1.0 ± 0.1	0.9 ± 0.1	<0.005	0.15	0.82
Plasma lactate, mmol/L	2.2 ± 0.4	2.3 ± 0.4	2.3 ± 0.1	2.6 ± 0.2	0.28	0.63	0.56
Plasma amino acids, μmol/L
Alanine	269 ± 36	291 ± 39	270 ± 15	295 ± 21	0.18	0.95	0.94
Arginine	76 ± 12	90 ± 14	63 ± 8	62 ± 6	0.28	0.14	0.24
Asparagine	38 ± 2	48 ± 7	34 ± 2	38 ± 2	0.12	0.13	0.48
Aspartate	19 ± 2	14 ± 1	13 ± 2	12 ± 2	0.08	0.03	0.21
Cystine	19 ± 2	15 ± 1	15 ± 2	15 ± 2	0.25	0.24	0.26
Glutamate	44 ± 6	34 ± 5	48 ± 4	41 ± 2	<0.005	0.34	0.50
Glutamine	490 ± 49	498 ± 46	359 ± 25	377 ± 21	0.02	0.39	0.72
Glycine	257 ± 44	283 ± 37	316 ± 26	301 ± 19	0.80	0.35	0.34
Histidine	51 ± 5	64 ± 4	46 ± 4	53 ± 3	<0.005	0.15	0.19
Isoleucine	85 ± 8	79 ± 8	84 ± 7	70 ± 4	0.03	0.54	0.33
Lysine	73 ± 10	78 ± 11	54 ± 4	59 ± 4	0.12	0.09	0.94
Methionine	76 ± 5	69 ± 7	94 ± 12	83 ± 8	0.22	0.14	0.75
Phenylalanine	106 ± 6	108 ± 7	110 ± 17	98 ± 8	0.46	0.84	0.25
Proline	155 ± 14	176 ± 15	122 ± 9	134 ± 7	0.02	0.02	0.43
Serine	585 ± 81	526 ± 71	632 ± 57	532 ± 35	<0.005	0.76	0.36
Taurine	70 ± 13	67 ± 16	94 ± 20	74 ± 23	0.52	0.47	0.62
Threonine	244 ± 32	236 ± 29	206 ± 29	197 ± 21	0.68	0.28	0.97
Tryptophan	33 ± 4	39 ± 3	41 ± 2	40 ± 3	0.31	0.25	0.14
Tyrosine	123 ± 10	117 ± 9	122 ± 10	119 ± 12	0.41	0.97	0.74
Valine	335 ± 33	329 ± 39	361 ± 26	346 ± 10	0.53	0.57	0.78
Plasma hormones
Insulin, ng/mL	0.43 ± 0.11	0.38 ± 0.11	0.35 ± 0.05	0.40 ± 0.10	0.76	0.95	0.90
Glucagon, pg/mL	40.0 ± 10.0a	61.0 ± 14.0b	46.0 ± 4.0a	48.0 ± 4.0ab	<0.01	0.73	0.02
IGF-I, ng/mL	102 ± 14	85 ± 12	83 ± 13	85 ± 10	0.20	0.56	0.13
Norepinephrine, pg/mL	587 ± 129	550 ± 104	468 ± 85	527 ± 104	0.89	0.59	0.54
Cortisol, ng/mL	6.8 ± 2.0	14.3 ± 3.3	14.1 ± 2.1	16.5 ± 2.2	<0.005	0.15	0.11

¹Values are means ± SEs for CON (n = 8) and LEU (n = 9) fetuses. Measurements were made immediately before (Baseline) the fetal saline or leucine infusions started and immediately before fetal insulin secretion was measured 9 d after the infusions began (Final). Labeled values in a row without a common letter are significantly different, P < 0.05. CON, control; IGF-I, insulin-like growth factor I; LEU, leucine-infused; pCO₂, partial pressure of carbon dioxide; pO₂, partial pressure of oxygen.