TABLE 3.
Daily apparent consumption of fortifiable foods by women of reproductive age based on household assessment with the adult male equivalent method1
| n 2 | Median [IQR] | Mean (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Wheat flour, g/d | |||
| Nigeria (Kano) | 770 | 193 [99.2–288] | 202 (185, 219) |
| Nigeria (Lagos) | 668 | 0.0 [0.0–0.0] | 19.5 (13.0, 26.0) |
| South Africa (Eastern Cape) | 198 | 0.0 [0.0–0.0] | 20.8 (13.6, 28.0) |
| South Africa (Gauteng) | 221 | 0.0 [0.0–0.0] | 1.7 (0.5, 2.9) |
| Tanzania | 909 | 19.3 [0.0–162] | 90.0 (74.7, 105) |
| Uganda | 716 | 0.0 [0.0–0.0] | 12.2 (7.1, 17.3) |
| Maize flour, g/d | |||
| Nigeria (Kano) | 780 | 0.0 [0.0–0.0] | 25.3 (11.1, 39.5) |
| Nigeria (Lagos) | 676 | 0.0 [0.0–0.0] | 2.0 (0.3, 3.7) |
| South Africa (Eastern Cape) | 193 | 88.7 [49.7–133] | 101 (91.1, 111) |
| South Africa (Gauteng) | 219 | 99.1 [69.4–137] | 109 (100, 118) |
| Tanzania | 907 | 0.0 [0.0–116] | 60.8 (47.5, 74.2) |
| Uganda | 712 | 0.0 [0.0–122] | 67.4 (49.3, 85.5) |
| Semolina flour, g/d | |||
| Nigeria (Kano) | 781 | 0.0 [0.0–0.0] | 10.7 (4.6, 16.8) |
| Nigeria (Lagos) | 656 | 56.2 [23.5–136] | 88.5 (78.9, 98.1) |
| Edible oil, mL/d | |||
| Nigeria (Kano) | 764 | 25.8 [16.6–41.4] | 29.6 (27.8, 31.4) |
| Nigeria (Lagos) | 669 | 24.7 [14.0–36.8] | 28.7 (26.3, 31.1) |
| Tanzania | 862 | 19.6 [10.5–36.3] | 26.3 (23.7, 29.0) |
| Uganda | 688 | 5.4 [3.1–9.7] | 7.1 (6.1, 8.0) |
| Sugar, g/d | |||
| Nigeria (Kano) | 738 | 12.2 [7.5–19.8] | 14.4 (13.5, 15.3) |
| Nigeria (Lagos) | 644 | 6.3 [2.6–13.1] | 8.8 (8.2, 9.5) |
| Salt, g/d | |||
| Nigeria (Kano) | 749 | 8.4 [4.5–14.1] | 9.9 (8.8, 11.0) |
| Nigeria (Lagos) | 635 | 3.6 [2.1–5.5] | 4.5 (4.2, 4.9) |
| South Africa (Eastern Cape) | 191 | 4.2 [2.6–6.3] | 4.8 (4.4, 5.2) |
| South Africa (Gauteng) | 215 | 2.7 [1.6–4.3] | 3.6 (3.2, 4.0) |
| Tanzania | 869 | 7.5 [4.6–11.4] | 8.8 (8.1, 9.5) |
| Uganda | 697 | 8.2 [5.9–11.9] | 9.4 (8.9, 9.8) |
1
Fortifiable is defined as industrially produced and not made at home. Nigeria, Tanzania, and Uganda results were weighted to correct for unequal probability of selection. South Africa results were not weighted owing to low response rates.
2
n excludes observations with missing values for reported quantity of fortifiable food purchased and/or the duration it usually lasts in the household and outliers (values >3 SDs from the mean).