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. 2020 Jul 22;15:5181–5202. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S247692

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© 2020 AbouAitah et al.

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In vitro cytotoxicity evaluation immune cells and in vivo anti-inflammatory. Lymphocyte cell viability with nanoparticles, modified nanoparticles, prodrugs and their mixtures, nanoformulations, and combined nanoformulations (A). Lymphocyte index for nanoparticles, modified nanoparticles, prodrugs and their mixtures, nanoformulations, and combined nanoformulations (B). Anti-inflammatory activity in carrageenan-induced rats as the change in paw thickness (mm) (C). Data are expressed as mean ± SD. *p<0.05, medium significance (**) and high significance (***).

Abbreviations: MSNs, mesoporous silica nanoparticles; MSNs-NH₂, MSNs modified amino groups; MSNs-NH₂-SH, MSNs-NH₂ loaded SH; MSNs-NH₂-QR, MSNs-NH₂ loaded QR; MSNs-NH₂-SH-QR1, MSNs-NH₂ loaded SH and QR; MSNs-NH₂-SH-QR2 was used in twice amount; SH/QR mix.1, mixture of SH and QR; SH/QR mix.2, mixture of SH and QR used in twice amount; SH pure, shikimic acid; QR pure, quercetin; IC50, the half-maximal inhibitory concentration; SD, standard deviation.