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. 2020 Jul 28;11:1558. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01558

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Summary of interleukin-17A functions. IL-17A-driven signaling drives several effector functions including chemokine induction, cell infiltration, antimicrobial peptide (AMP) production, and tissue barrier function and remodeling. Firstly, IL-17A triggers production of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand (CCL)-20 and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), which act in synergy with other proinflammatory cytokines (e.g., TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1) to induce neutrophil recruitment. IL-17A regulates the release of various chemokines. For example, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand (CXCL)-1, CXCL-2, CXCL-5, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) can improve neutrophil response. CCL7, CCL2, CXCL-9, CXCL-10, and CXCL-20 modulate the activities of monocytes and dendritic cells (DCs). Secondly, IL-17A stimulate macrophages and neutrophils to produce AMPs including β-defensins, lipocalins, S100 proteins, lactoferrins, and regenerating (REG) proteins, helping to kill bacteria. Thirdly, IL-17A signaling maintains tight junctions in mucosal tissues through formation of several acute phase proteins. IL-17A also participates in remodeling of the airway vascular, splenic vein, central nervous system (CNS), and heart tissues.