Table 2. Sex-specific, age- and multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for mortality from cardiovascular disease according to quartiles of γ-GTP and one SD increment of log γ-GTP in never-drinkers.
| Quartiles of γ-GTP |
HR1† | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 (low) | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 (high) | ||
| Men | |||||
| Quartile range (IU/L) | 1–16 | 17–24 | 25–40 | 41–837 | |
| No. at risk | 1,512 | 992 | 641 | 285 | |
| Person-years | 13,371 | 8,599 | 5,575 | 2,543 | |
| Stroke | |||||
| No. of mortality | 11 | 8 | 4 | 2 | |
| Mortality rate | 0.82 | 0.93 | 0.72 | 0.79 | |
| Age adjusted HR | 1.00 | 1.50 (0.59–3.83) | 1.35 (0.41–4.52) | 2.14 (0.44–10.28) | 1.46 (0.86–2.46) |
| Multivariable HR§ | 1.00 | 1.59 (0.56–4.50) | 1.56 (0.41–5.98) | 4.14 (0.72–23.91) | 1.89 (1.00–3.58) |
| Coronary heart disease | |||||
| No. of mortality | 9 | 12 | 8 | 2 | |
| Mortality rate | 0.67 | 1.40 | 1.44 | 0.79 | |
| Age adjusted HR | 1.00 | 2.19 (0.91–5.29) | 2.49 (0.92–6.72) | 1.67 (0.35–8.00) | 1.69 (1.31–2.19) |
| Multivariable HR§ | 1.00 | 2.02 (0.79–5.13) | 2.10 (0.70–6.27) | 1.69 (0.32–9.02) | 1.04 (0.57–1.90) |
| Total cardiovascular diseases | |||||
| No. of mortality | 30 | 30 | 21 | 5 | |
| Mortality rate | 2.24 | 3.49 | 3.77 | 1.97 | |
| Age adjusted HR | 1.00 | 1.74 (1.04–2.93) | 2.20 (1.22–3.95) | 1.44 (0.55–3.80) | 1.33 (1.00–1.77) |
| Multivariable HR§ | 1.00 | 1.90 (1.09–3.30) | 2.41 (1.27–4.57) | 1.78 (0.64–4.96) | 1.43 (1.04–1.96) |
| Women | |||||
| Quartile range (IU/L) | 1–9 | 10–13 | 14–18 | 19–435 | |
| No. at risk | 4,462 | 5,799 | 3,904 | 4,262 | |
| Person-years | 40,944 | 52,008 | 34,286 | 37,580 | |
| Stroke | |||||
| No. of mortality | 23 | 35 | 25 | 43 | |
| Mortality rate | 0.56 | 0.67 | 0.73 | 1.14 | |
| Age adjusted HR | 1.00 | 1.06 (0.61–1.81) | 0.99 (0.55–1.78) | 1.64 (0.96–2.79) | 1.32 (1.11–1.55) |
| Multivariable HR§ | 1.00 | 1.17 (0.67–2.06) | 1.09 (0.58–2.02) | 1.60 (0.87–2.92) | 1.28 (1.06–1.54) |
| Coronary heart disease | |||||
| No. of mortality | 5 | 8 | 9 | 16 | |
| Mortality rate | 0.12 | 0.15 | 0.26 | 0.43 | |
| Age adjusted HR | 1.00 | 1.52 (0.49–4.71) | 2.46 (0.80–7.56) | 4.26 (1.50–12.07) | 1.43 (0.89–2.29) |
| Multivariable HR§ | 1.00 | 1.53 (0.47–4.98) | 2.51 (0.76–8.25) | 4.49 (1.41–14.32) | 1.81 (1.34–2.44) |
| Total cardiovascular diseases | |||||
| No. of mortality | 47 | 68 | 53 | 84 | |
| Mortality rate | 1.15 | 1.31 | 1.55 | 2.24 | |
| Age adjusted HR | 1.00 | 1.04 (0.71–1.52) | 1.07 (0.71–1.62) | 1.66 (1.13–2.42) | 1.28 (1.14–1.45) |
| Multivariable HR§ | 1.00 | 1.11 (0.75–1.66) | 1.16 (0.75–1.79) | 1.77 (1.15–2.71) | 1.30 (1.14–1.49) |
Mortality rate is expressed as /1000 person-years.
†
HR1: HR for 1 SD of log γ-GTP.
§
Multivariable HR: adjusted for age (continuous), smoking status (never, former, 1–20/day and ≥ 21/day), body mass index (sex-specific quartile), systolic blood pressure (sex-specific quartiles), serum triglycerides levels (sex-specific quartiles), serum total cholesterol levels (sex-specific quartiles), aspartate aminotransferase (sex-specific quartiles) and alanine aminotransferase (sex-specific quartiles).