Table 2. Multivariable analysis for OS and CSS.
| Variables | OS | CSS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P | HR (95% CI) | P | ||
| Gender | |||||
| Female | Reference | Reference | |||
| Male | 1.283 (1.220–1.348) | <0.0001 | 1.242 (1.173–1.315) | <0.0001 | |
| Race | |||||
| Whites | Reference | 0.0108 | |||
| Blacks | 0.972 (0.890–1.061) | 0.5261 | |||
| Others | 0.864 (0.783–0.953) | 0.0035 | |||
| Age, years | |||||
| ≤65 | Reference | Reference | |||
| >65 | 1.481 (1.409–1.556) | <0.0001 | 1.371 (1.296–1.450) | <0.0001 | |
| Surgery type | |||||
| Lobectomy/bilobectomy | Reference | Reference | |||
| Pneumonectomy | 1.184 (1.107–1.266) | <0.0001 | 1.128 (1.028–1.236) | <0.0001 | |
| Histological type | |||||
| Adenocarcinoma | Reference | 0.0141 | Reference | 0.0149 | |
| Squamous cell carcinoma | 1.042 (0.984–1.103) | 0.1569 | 0.974 (0.912–1.041) | 0.4372 | |
| Others | 1.126 (1.038–1.221) | 0.0042 | 1.128 (1.028–1.236) | 0.0107 | |
| pT stage | |||||
| T1 | Reference | <0.0001 | Reference | <0.0001 | |
| T2 | 1.256 (1.182–1.334) | <0.0001 | 1.335 (1.244–1.432) | <0.0001 | |
| T3 | 1.828 (1.648–2.028) | <0.0001 | 2.026 (1.800–2.279) | <0.0001 | |
| T4 | 1.546 (1.420–1.684) | <0.0001 | 1.723 (1.564–1.897) | <0.0001 | |
| pN-NR | |||||
| pN1-NR <0.3 | Reference | <0.0001 | Reference | <0.0001 | |
| pN1-NR ≥0.3 | 1.405 (1.295–1.524) | <0.0001 | 1.518 (1.385–1.665) | <0.0001 | |
| pN2-NR <0.3 | 1.183 (1.113–1.257) | <0.0001 | 1.221 (1.138–1.310) | <0.0001 | |
| pN2-NR ≥0.3 | 1.717 (1.607–1.835) | <0.0001 | 1.849 (1.715–1.993) | <0.0001 | |
OS, overall survival; CSS, cause-specific survival; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; NR, node ratio.