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. 2020 Jul 31;6(31):eaba6505. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aba6505

Fig. 5. The nucleus becomes stiffer and acts as a mechanical barrier in vertical confinement.

Fig. 5

(A) Nuclear entry time of H2B-mCherry–labeled LMNA-KD (knockdown) or scramble control HT-1080 cells (n ≥ 143; three independent experiments) in lateral and vertical channels. (B) Representative heat map of Brillouin shift for 2D, vertically, and laterally confined cells. Scale bars, 10 μm. (C) Nuclear Brillouin shift for scramble control, LMNA-KD–treated, blebbistatin (2 μM)–treated, and TSA (100 ng/μl)–treated HT-1080 cells in 2D, lateral, and vertical confinement (n ≥ 13 cells; two or more independent experiments). (D) Nuclear Brillouin shift of cells in the vertical and lateral segments of contiguous microchannels, where cells experienced vertical and subsequently lateral confinement (n ≥ 9 cells; two independent experiments). (E) Heat map of Brillouin shift for an individual cell migrating, first, through the vertical and, subsequently, the lateral segment of a contiguous microchannel. Scale bars, 10 μm. Values represent the mean ± SD; **P < 0.01 relative to lateral control; ##P < 0.01 relative to vertical control; §§P < 0.01 relative to 2D control.