Table 2.
(continued)
| Author / Sample size | Age | Sex% male | Injury Characteristics` | No. of thoracic fractures | Injury Severity Score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Menditto et al. (2009)[26] | Pre-protocol vs. Protocol group (Mean in years) 51.2 (±22) vs. 57.2 (±20.4); p = 0.40 |
Pre-protocol vs. Protocol group 67%vs. 64%; p = 0.68 |
Pre-protocol vs. Protocol group Sternal fractures: 25%vs. 18%; p = 0.14 Pulmonary Contusions: 23%vs. 16%; p = 0.03 Pneumothorax: 10%vs. 5%; p = 0.17 Pleural effusion: 9%vs. 15%; p = 0.14 |
Pre-protocol vs. Protocol group (Mean no. of #) 2.1 (±1.9) vs. 2.7 (±1.9); p = 0.10 |
Not Reported. |
| Morrison et al. (2009)[27] | Protocol group vs. Control group (Mean in years) 30.7 (±2) vs. 35.2 (±2.9); p = 0.205 |
Protocol group vs. Control group 89.7%vs. 84%; p = 0.692 |
Protocol group vs. Control group Blunt Thoracic Injury: 10.3%vs. 20%; p = 0.449 Motor Vehicle Collision: 10.3% (n = 3) vs. 20% (n = 5) Other blunt Mechanism: 3.4% (n = 1) vs. 0% (n = 0) |
Not Reported | Protocol group vs. Control group 11.6 (±0.8) vs. 15.6 (±2.5); p = 0.140 |
| Todd et al. (2006)[19] | Protocol group vs. control group (Median in years) 56 (IQR 51–65) vs. 60.5 (52-72); p = 0.02 |
Protocol group vs. control group 63% (n = 94) vs 65% (n = 97); p = 0.72 |
Protocol group vs. control group Sternal Fracture: 10% (n = 15) vs. 5% (n = 8); p = 0.13 Pulmonary Contusion: 33% (n = 50) vs. 37% (n = 55); p = 0.55 Pneumothorax: 53% (n = 79) vs. 39% (n = 58); p = 0.01 Haemothorax: 43% (n = 65) vs. 15% (n = 22); p<0.0001 |
Protocol group vs. control group (Median no. of #) 6 (IQR 5–7) vs. 7 (IQR 6–9); p<0.0001 |
Protocol group vs. control group ISS: 21 (IQR 17–29) vs. 21 ([17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29]); p = 0.67 AIS Chest: 4 (IQR 3–4) vs. 4 ([3], [4]), p = 0.17 |
| Adrales et al.(2002)[28] | Pre-protocol vs. Protocol group (Mean in years) 38.0 (±3.7) vs. 31.6 (±3.9); p = 0.08 |
Pre-protocol vs. Protocol group 71% (n = 10/14) vs. 62% (n = 29/47) |
Pre-protocol vs. Protocol group Blunt Thoracic Injury: 71% (n = 10/14) vs. 57% (n = 27/47) Motor Vehicle Collision: 50% (n = 7/14) vs. 47% (n = 22/47) Fall: 14% (n = 2/14) vs. 9% (n = 4/47) Assault: 7% (n = 1/14) vs. 2% (n = 1/47) |
Not Reported | Pre-protocol vs. Protocol group 20.5 (±2.4) vs. 25.7 (±3.3); p = 0.33 |
| Sesperez et al. (2001)[21] | (Mean in years) Pre-implementation: 41.6 (±20.5) Evaluation: 43.4 (±20.9) Re-evaluation: 39.9 (±20.7) p = 0.59 |
Pre-implementation: 69.7% Evaluation: 62.4% Re-evaluation: 70.5% p = 0.48 |
Allocation to Rib Fracture Pathway: Total: n = 87/265 Pre-implementation: n = 28 Evaluation: n = 38 Re-evaluation: n = 21 (p = 0.07) |
Not Reported | Pre-implementation: 12.7 (±11.5) Evaluation: 11.1 (±11.3) Re-evaluation: 11.1 (±9.9) p = 0.57 |
| Wilson et al. (2001)[20] | (Mean in years) 41.9 (±20.7) |
65.8% (n = 96) |
Allocation to Rib Fracture Pathway: Total: n = 59/146 |
Not Reported | (Mean) 11.1 (±10.7) ISS BTI: 8.0 (±7.7) |