Table 1.
Timber investment returns from available studies, 2015–2020, without land prices.
| Country | Species | IRR |
|---|---|---|
| Argentina | Pinus taeda - Misiones | 6.5 |
| Argentina | Eucalyptus grandis - Corrientes | 7.5 |
| Australia | Pinus radiata high growth | 7.5 |
| Australia | Pinus radiata low growth | 5.7 |
| Brazil | Pinus taeda sawtimber | 14.3 |
| Brazil | Eucalyptus urophylla pulpwod | 8.1 |
| Brazil | Eucalyptus grandis sawtimber | 10.7 |
| Chile | Pinus radiata sawtimber - good site | 13.0 |
| Chile | Pinus radiata - pulpwood - poor site | 11.2 |
| Chile | Eucalyptus globulus pulpwood | 14.3 |
| Chile | Eucalyptus nitens pulpwood | 12.2 |
| China | Pinus massoniana | 7.9 |
| China | Eucalyptus spp. | 31.5 |
| Colombia | Pinus tecunumanii | 8.7 |
| Colombia | Pinus patula | 6.6 |
| Costa Rica | Gmelina arborea | 24.5 |
| Finland | Picea abies | 4.3 |
| Finland | Pinus sylvestris | 4.3 |
| France | Quercus petraea | 2.0 |
| Laos | Eucalyptus spp. Industry | 21.7 |
| Laos | Eucalyptus spp. Outgrower | 11.8 |
| Laos | Tectona grandis | 13.0 |
| Mexico | Pinus gregii | 11.3 |
| Mexico | Eucalyptus grandis | 20.1 |
| Mexico | Gmelina spp. | 19.7 |
| Mexico | Tectona grandis / Teak | 18.6 |
| New Zealand | Pinus radiata | 8.8 |
| Paraguay | Eucalyptus grandis/urograndi clones | 21.8 |
| Peru | Pinus patula | 3.6 |
| Poland | Quercus Sp. State forest | 2.4 |
| Poland | Pinus sylvestris State forest | 2.4 |
| Poland | Pinus sylvestris Private forest | 4.5 |
| Scotland | Sitka spruce | 13.6 |
| South Africa | Pinus spp. | 3.1 |
| South Africa | Eucalyptus spp. | 24.8 |
| Spain | Populus spp. | 9.9 |
| Spain | Eucalyptus globulus | 9.6 |
| Uruguay | Eucalyptus globulus | 13.2 |
| Uruguay | Eucalyptus grandis pulp | 10.4 |
| Uruguay | Eucalyptus grandis sawtimber | 11.8 |
| Uruguay | Pinus taeda | 8.0 |
| USA | Pinus taeda/ low yield & intensity | 0.0 |
| USA | Pinus taeda / medium yield – North Carolina | 5.9 |
| USA | Pinus taeda / medium yield - South | 7.1 |
| USA | Pinus taeda / high yield & intensity | 7.6 |
| USA | Mixed Hardwoods, even age, plant | 3.2 |
| USA | Mixed Hardwoods, uneven age, selection | 10.0 |
| USA | Pseudotsuga menziesii Site I | 7.9 |
| USA | Pseudotsuga menziesii Site III | 5.9 |
| USA | Hybrid exotic larch, Northeast / Central | 5.2 |
| Venezuela | Eucalyptus urophylla | 12.4 |
| Vietnam | Acacia smallholder | 22.7 |
| Vietnam | Acacia state forest | 7.7 |
| Vietnam | Eucalyptus urophylla high growth | 23.1 |
| Croatia | Oak/Beech/Fir | 5.8 |
| New Zealand | Pine spp. | 8.3 |
| Vietnam | Acacia spp. | 30.0 |
| Laos | Teak spp. | 17.5 |
| Vietnam | Acacia spp., Eucalyptus spp. | 20.0 |
| China | Pinus spp.,., Cunninghamia spp., Castanopsis spp. and mixes, Eucalyptus spp. | 9 to 28 |
| Italy | Poplar spp. | 8.8 |
| Spain | Poplar spp. | 8.4 |
| Portugal | Eucalyptus spp. | 9.0 |
| Portugal | Pine spp. | 5.6 |
| Latvia | Scots pine, Norway spruce, Birch spp. | 3.6 |
| Estonia | Scots pine, Norway spruce, Birch spp. | 2.5 |
| Colombia | Pine spp. | 4.1 |
| New Zealand | Pinus radiata | 8.5 |