Figure 6.

Effect of fermented cRG-I on transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and cytokine production in a Caco-2/PBMC co-culture system. Caco-2 cells, cultured 14 days on transwell inserts, were placed on top of pokeweed mitogen (PWM)-activated PBMCs and incubated for 48 h at the apical side with blank or treatment samples collected during the colonic batch incubations containing only a luminal (L) or also a mucosal (M) environment. Average (±SEM) TEER of the Caco-2 monolayers (A) and concentration of secreted interferon (IFN)γ (B), interleukin (IL)-17A (C), IL-21 (D), IL-22 (E), IL-4 (F), IL-9 (G) and IL-10 (H) in the basolateral medium are shown (n = 3). Statistically significant differences to PWM are represented by (*). (*) = p < 0.05, (**) = p < 0.01, (***) = p < 0.001.