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. 2020 Jul 13;17(14):5025. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17145025

Table 4.

Current toddlers’ dietary habits and maternal concerns about toddlers’ feeding according to the age group and use of added salt, sugar, and both salt and sugar in the Polish sample (n = 4110).

Variables 12–24 Months (n = 2680) 25–36 Months (n = 1430)
AS ASu AS&Su AS ASu AS&Su
Yes 52.8% No 47.2% Yes 34.7% No 65.3% Yes 26.8% No 73.2% Yes 74.4% No 25.6% Yes 59.0% No 41.0% Yes 50.8% No 49.2%
Dietary pattern:
→Pro-health 35.1 54.6 *** 37 48.1 *** 31.6 48.9 *** 28.9 44.8 *** 32.6 40.9 *** 26.6 39.5 ***
→Western-like 35.3 14.2 38.6 18.3 43.3 18.8 55.4 35.5 42.5 22.4 59.8 40.5
→Non-eaters 29.6 31.1 24.3 33.5 25.1 32.3 15.8 19.7 24.9 36.8 13.6 20
Eating at least one meal with the family 97.5 97.1 98.4 96.7 ** 98.2 97.0 98.3 97.3 99.2 99.3 ** 98.6 97.4
Eating meals separately 50.2 49.4 46.7 51.5 * 47.2 50.8 51.6 44.8 * 35.2 41.5 * 52.6 47.0 *
Eating while watching TV 1 34.1 19.8 *** 32.9 24.4 *** 37.2 23.8 *** 49.3 36.3 *** 13.4 8.5 *** 51.5 40.3 ***
Eating during playing 9.9 9.1 11.7 8.3 ** 10.9 9.0 12.3 12.6 12.7 11.9 12.3 12.5
None concern 70.8 76.8 *** 70.7 75.2 ** 69.1 75.3 *** 68.4 76.2 ** 67.6 74.4 ** 65.8 75.1 ***
Toddler eats too little 17.6 13.9 ** 17.3 15.1 18.9 14.7 ** 14.8 11.5 14.6 12.9 15.8 11.9
Toddler eats too much 7.2 6.9 7.3 6.9 7.1 7.0 4.5 4.4 4.2 4.9 4.0 5.0
Toddler eats same thing for longer period 20.2 15.7 ** 20.8 16.7 ** 22.3 16.6 *** 25.8 21.9 26.1 23.0 27.4 22.2 *
Toddler does not eat vegetables 19.4 11.9 *** 18.6 14.4 ** 20.6 14.1 *** 25.5 18.3 *** 26.0 20.3 ** 27.1 20.0 **
Toddler does not eat novel foods 16.3 11.5 *** 16.0 13.0 * 17.4 12.8 ** 27.6 21.6 * 28.6 22.5 ** 29.9 22.2 ***

1 including smartphones and tablets; AS—added salt; ASu—added sugar; AS&Su—added salt and sugar; * p ≤ 0.05; ** p ≤ 0.01; *** p ≤ 0.001.