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The effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on bovine endothelial cell (EC) death. Bovine ECs were treated with LPS at the concentration of 5–20 ng/mL for 24 h. (A) The cell viability was measured using Prestoblue™ reagent, where non-treatment control was set as 100% cell viability (* indicates p < 0.05, ** indicates p < 0.01, and *** indicates p < 0.001). (B) The changes in cell morphology upon LPS treatment were observed under the microscope.
