Table 2.
Cardiac Function Response at Rest and During Exercise.
| Variable | Supplementation | Rest | Stage 1 | Stage 2 | Stage 3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q (L/min) | Placebo | 3.6 ± 0.3 | 4.9 ± 0.5 | 5.3 ± 0.2 | 6.5 ± 0.7 |
| - | Nitrate | 3.5 ± 0.4 | 5.1 ± 0.4 | 6.4 ± 0.4 # | 7.5 ± 0.6 † |
| SV (mL/beat) | Placebo | 52.5 ± 5.3 | 57.1 ± 7.1 | 63.4 ± 3.9 | 67.7 ± 6.2 |
| - | Nitrate | 47.2 ± 3.6 ¡ | 61.4 ± 4.7 | 71.3 ± 5.0 ‡ | 78.6 ± 8.4 † |
| TPR (A.U.) | Placebo | 2034 ± 261.2 | 1629 ± 213.9 | 1419 ± 93.9 | 1301 ± 178.1 |
| - | Nitrate | 2053 ± 282.5 | 1370 ± 100.8 ¡ | 1152 ± 120.4 # | 998.4 ± 60.0 ‡ |
Absolute values at each stage are presented. There were no significant differences in any of the absolute values at rest or at any exercise intensities. Differences between absolute values for Q, SV and TPR at rest and each stage are indicated by ES. Cohen’s D ES of the difference between the interventions were indicated as: small (>0.3) ¡, medium (>0.5) ES-†, large (>0.8) ES-‡, very large (>1.2) ES-#.