| AA | Amino acid |
| AGT | Abnormal glucose tolerance |
| AI | Augmentation index |
| AI@75 | AI normalized to heart rate of 75 bpm |
| AUC | Area under the curve |
| BCAA | Branched-chain amino acid |
| eNOS | Endothelial nitric oxide synthase |
| FFA | Free fatty acid |
| FMD | Flow mediated dilation |
| GIP | Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide |
| GLP-1 | Glucagon-like peptide-1 |
| HbA1c | Glycated hemoglobin |
| HIRI | Hepatic insulin resistance index |
| HOMA-IR | Homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance |
| IGT | Impaired glucose tolerance |
| NGT | Normal glucose tolerance |
| NO | Nitric oxide |
| OGIS | Oral glucose insulin sensitivity |
| OGTT | Oral glucose tolerance test |
| RHI | Reactive hyperemia index |
| T2D | Type 2 diabetes |
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