Table 3.
Parameters 2 | Control | Sunflower Seed | Linseed | SEM | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body weight, kg | 50.77 | 50.93 | 50.60 | 2.01 | 0.993 |
Body weight change, g/d | −50.0 | −75.0 | −29.2 | 29.4 | 0.557 |
Intake, g/d | |||||
Grass hay | 480 b | 480 b | 509 a | 5.66 | <0.001 |
Grass silage | 243 | 246 | 243 | 4.99 | 0.862 |
Concentrate | 558 b | 570 a | 544 c | 0.27 | <0.001 |
Forage:concentrate ratio | (58:42) b | (57:43) b | (59:41) a | 0.01 | 0.001 |
Dry matter | 1281 | 1297 | 1298 | 5.06 | 0.060 |
Organic matter | 1188 b | 1224 a | 1197 b | 4.62 | <0.001 |
Crude protein | 149 a | 144 b | 143 b | 0.62 | <0.001 |
Rumen degradable protein | 71.3 a | 68.8 b | 66.6 c | 0.41 | <0.001 |
Ether extract | 65.7 a | 59.1 b | 49.3 c | 0.16 | <0.001 |
Neutral detergent fiber | 540.7 b | 579 a | 577 a | 2.56 | <0.001 |
Acid detergent fiber | 254 b | 279 a | 276.3 a | 1.42 | <0.001 |
Acid detergent lignin | 72.3 c | 85.2 a | 84.3 b | 0.23 | <0.001 |
Ca | 8.13 a | 4.37 b | 4.23 c | 0.03 | <0.001 |
P | 5.03 b | 5.50 a | 4.83 c | 0.02 | <0.001 |
Metabolizable energy, Mcal/ d | 3.20 a | 3.13 b | 3.03 c | 0.02 | <0.001 |
Net energy of lactation, Mcal/ d | 2.03 a | 2.00 a | 1.90 b | 0.01 | <0.001 |
Fatty acids, g/d | |||||
C16:0 | 21.3 a | 7.07 b | 6.83 c | 0.04 | <0.001 |
C18:0 | 2.07 a | 1.90 b | 1.83 c | 0.01 | <0.001 |
C18:1n 9c | 20.2 a | 20.0 b | 10.8 c | 0.02 | <0.001 |
C18:2 n6 | 13.2 c | 20.7 a | 13.3 b | 0.04 | <0.001 |
C18:3 n3 | 5.37 b | 5.37 b | 14.9 a | 0.04 | <0.001 |
∑SCFA | 23.9 a | 8.97 b | 8.67 c | 0.04 | <0.001 |
∑PUFA | 38.8 a | 14.3 b | 14.2 b | 0.09 | <0.001 |
Digestibility (g/kg) | |||||
Dry matter | 659 | 637 | 626 | 12.6 | 0.205 |
Organic matter | 689 | 666 | 648 | 11.8 | 0.075 |
Neutral detergent fiber | 650 | 617 | 619 | 16.6 | 0.314 |
Acid detergent fiber | 592 | 545 | 564 | 25.1 | 0.460 |
Acid detergent lignin | 340 | 410 | 375 | 33.6 | 0.361 |
a, b, c Different letters indicate significant differences (p < 0.05). 1 Values are expressed as mean. ∑SCFA = (C16:0 + C18:0) and ∑PUFA = (C18:2 + C18:3). 2 Calculated from NRC [13]. SEM = standard error of the mean.