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. 2020 Jun 9;133(14):1711–1718. doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000850

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Signaling molecules that regulate the recruitment, differentiation, and proliferation of theca cells. GDF-9 and BMP-15 are oocyte-derived factors. Dhh, Ihh, KL, LIF, and KGF are granulosa cell-derived factors. HGF and KGF are theca cell-derived factors. GH and insulin are factors from the outside of the ovary. Arrows indicate the relationship of positive regulation. The arrows pointing to the recruited theca cells indicate that these factors contribute to the recruitment, differentiation, and proliferation of theca cells. Factors in italics indicate that their regulation on theca is conjectural and uncertain. GDF-9: Growth differentiation factor 9; BMP-15: Bone morphogenetic protein 15; Dhh: Desert hedgehog; Ihh: India hedgehog; KL: Kit ligand; IGF-1: Insulin-like growth factor 1; LIF: Leukemia inhibitory factor; KGF: Keratinocyte growth factor; GH: Growth hormone.