Comparison of different encoding patterns in the retrospective undersampling experiment using 3D GE‐EPTI dataset at 72× acceleration. The ky‐kz view of the five patterns that sums all the k‐t sampling over the t dimension, reconstructed images, and 5× error maps are shown in the figure. CAIPI‐based, temporal‐variant CAIPI, block‐wise random sampling are reconstructed by subspace approach without LLR constraint, and VDS temporal‐variant CAIPI and VDS random sampling are reconstructed with LLR constraint. The temporal‐variant CAIPI shows the lowest reconstruction errors in the non‐VDS sampling, and its combination with VDS sampling and LLR further reduce the RMSE