Table 1.
Admission rates and baseline characteristics and comorbidities of pre-COVID vs. COVID groups (January to May 2019 vs. January to May 2020)
| STEMI | NSTEMI | Acute limb ischemia | Aortic rupture | Stroke | TIA | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-COVID | COVID | Pre-COVID | COVID | Pre-COVID | COVID | Pre-COVID | COVID | Pre-COVID | COVID | Pre-COVID | COVID | |
| No. of patients, n | 3,350 | 2,940 | 7,682 | 6,518 | 2,331 | 2,041 | 257 | 215 | 15,969 | 14,546 | 6,252 | 5,342 |
| Admission rate per 100,000 | 7.3 | 6.6 | 16.8 | 14.6 | 5.1 | 4.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 35.0 | 32.5 | 13.7 | 11.9 |
| Absolute change (%) | − 12.2# | − 15.2# | − 12.4# | − 16.3 (n.s.) | − 8.9# | − 14.6# | ||||||
| February (%) | − 0.5 | − 9.0 | − 9.5 | − 3.8 | + 0.1 | − 7.5 | ||||||
| March (%) | − 20.8 | − 19.6 | − 0.2 | − 7.3 | − 5.4 | − 22.6 | ||||||
| April (%) | − 16.3 | − 21.5 | − 22.5 | − 38.2 | − 17.8 | − 30.2 | ||||||
| Mai (%) | − 9.0 | − 18.6 | − 26.0 | − 46.9 | − 21.2 | − 12.1 | ||||||
|
Fractiona of interventional/ open-surgical treatment, % |
84.7 | 86.3 | 58.0 | 60.5 | 81.9 | 82.8 | 51.5 | 56.7 | 18.4 | 19.1 | 2.1 | 2.2 |
| In-hospital mortality, % |
11.9 (10.8–13.0) |
12.1 (11.0–13.4) |
6.0 (5.5–6.6) |
5.6 (5.1–6.2) |
5.6 (4.7–6.6) |
5.4 (4.5–6.5) |
44.4 (38.2–50.7) |
37.2 (30.7–44.0) |
8.5# (8.1–9.0) |
9.8# (9.3–10.3) |
0.3 (0.2–0.5) |
0.5 (0.3–0.7) |
| Female, % | 38.2 | 38.7 | 40.4 | 41.8 | 51.4 | 53.1 | 40.9 | 38.6 | 55.3 | 55.5 | 59.3 | 59.4 |
| Mean age, years | 68 | 68 | 74 | 73 | 73 | 73 | 76 | 74 | 75 | 76 | 74 | 74 |
| Diabetes |
22.2 (20.8–23.7) |
23.3 (21.8–24.9) |
31.3 (30.3–32.4) |
31.4 (30.3–32.6) |
26.2 (24.4–28.1) |
27.2 (25.3–29.2) |
10.1 (6.7–14.5) |
10.7 (6.9–15.6) |
25.4 (24.7–26.1) |
25.5 (24.8–26.2) |
20.3 (19.3–21.3) |
20.7 (19.6–21.8) |
| Obesity |
6.5 (5.6–7.3) |
7.5 (6.6–8.5) |
7.5 (6.9–8.1) |
7.4 (6.7–8.0) |
5.7 (4.8–6.7) |
5.6 (4.6–6.7) |
4.3 (2.2–7.5) |
3.7 (1.6–7.2) |
4.7 (4.4–5.0) |
4.0 (3.7–4.3) |
3.5 (3.1–4.0) |
3.3 (2.8–3.8) |
| Hypertension |
67.6 (65.9–69.1) |
68.7 (67.0–70.4) |
77.3# (76.4–78.3) |
79.3# (78.3–80.3) |
71.6# (69.7–73.4) |
75.6# (73.6–77.4) |
59.9 (53.7–66.0) |
60.0 (53.1–66.6) |
76.6# (75.9–77.2) |
77.8# (77.2–78.5) |
72.8 (71.7–73.9) |
73.5 (72.3–74.7) |
| Ischemic heart disease |
93.2 (92.3–94.1) |
94.1 (93.2–94.9) |
87.8 (87.1–88.6) |
88.1 (87.3–88.9) |
26.4 (24.7–28.3) |
27.8 (25.9–29.8) |
23.7 (18.7–29.4) |
19.1 (14.1–25.0) |
14.7 (14.2–15.3) |
14.6 (14.0–15.2) |
13.4 (12.6–14.3) |
13.0 (12.1–13.9) |
| Atrial fibrillation |
17.9 (16.6–19.3) |
15.3 (14.0–16.7) |
26.4 (25.4–27.4) |
26.4 (25.3–27.5) |
23.1 (21.4–24.9) |
24.6 (22.7–26.5) |
29.6 (24.1–35.6) |
29.8 (23.7–36.4) |
30.6 (29.9–31.4) |
30.3 (29.5–31.0) |
22.4 (21.4–23.5) |
21.6 (20.5–22.7) |
| Heart failure |
39.9 (38.2–41.5) |
39.6 (37.8–41.4) |
40.5 (39.4–41.6) |
40.1 (38.8–41.2) |
13.4 (12.1–14.9) |
13.6 (12.2–15.2) |
17.9 (13.4–23.1) |
18.1 (13.2–24.0) |
10.9 (10.4–11.4) |
11.2 (10.7–11.7) |
6.7 (6.1–7.4) |
6.8 (6.2–7.5) |
| COPD |
5.2 (4.4–6.0) |
4.9 (4.2–5.8) |
8.8 (8.2–9.4) |
7.8 (7.2–8.5) |
10.3 (9.1–11.6) |
12.0 (10.6–13.4) |
10.1 (6.7–14.5) |
7.0 (4.0–11.3) |
4.7 (4.4–5.0) |
5.0 (4.6–5.3) |
4.1 (3.7–4.7) |
3.3 (2.9–3.9) |
| Chronic renal disease |
13.5 (12.3–14.7) |
12.1 (11.0–13.3) |
24.3 (23.4–25.3) |
23.5 (22.5–24.5) |
23.8 (22.1–25.6) |
24.9 (23.0–26.8) |
20.6 (15.9–26.1) |
16.3 (11.6–21.9) |
15.3 (14.7–15.8) |
14.7 (14.2–15.3) |
11.1 (10.4–11.9) |
12.4 (11.6–13.3) |
| Cancer |
1.7 (1.3–2.2) |
1.7 (1.3–2.3) |
2.6 (2.3–3.0) |
2.2 (1.9–2.6) |
3.4 (2.7–4.2) |
2.8 (2.2–3.7) |
3.1 (1.4–6.0) |
5.6 (2.9–9.6) |
3.4 (3.2–3.7) |
3.3 (3.0–3.6) |
1.9 (1.6–2.2) |
1.8 (1.4–2.2) |
Proportions for comorbidities are presented as % with 95% confidence interval in parentheses
#Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05). n.s. not significant
aFraction denotes the percentage of patients admitted for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular emergencies, who underwent respective interventional or open-surgical treatment. STEMI: ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; NSTEMI: non-STEMI; TIA: transient ischemic attack; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease