Table 3.
Effects of treatment on the secondary outcome variables: biochemistry parameters.
| ERW (n = 29) |
MW (n = 24) |
p | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Outcome Variables | Means ±SD | Means ±SD | Time | Group | Time * Group |
| NK Cell Activity(pg/mL) | |||||
| Baseline | 949.0 ± 810.7 | 1263.4 ± 905.2 | |||
| 4 weeks | 1943.5 ± 1109.2 | 1829.0 ± 1136.7 | 0.000 | 0.528 | 0.289 |
| 8 weeks | 1814.2 ± 1091.8 | 2042.0 ± 964.9 | |||
| Glucose (mg/dL) | |||||
| Baseline | 92.8 ± 7.5 | 92.3 ± 6.9 | |||
| 4 weeks | 92.8 ± 8.2 | 92.1 ± 6.0 | 0.978 | 0.640 | 0.916 |
| 8 weeks | 93.0 ± 5.9 | 91.8 ± 6.2 | |||
| HbA1c(mg/dL) | |||||
| Baseline | 5.2 ± 0.3 | 5.3 ± 0.3 | |||
| 4 weeks | 5.3 ± 0.3 | 5.4 ± 0.2 | 0.000 | 0.228 | 0.971 |
| 8 weeks | 5.3 ± 0.3 | 5.4 ± 0.3 | |||
| Insulin (uU/mL) | |||||
| Baseline | 8.65 ± 3.78 | 8.21 ± 10.31 | |||
| 4 weeks | 6.66 ± 3.19 | 7.18 ± 4.76 | 0.091 | 0.729 | 0.401 |
| 8 weeks | 7.15 ± 3.19 | 8.50 ± 6.78 | |||
| HOMA-IR | |||||
| Baseline | 2.21 ± 0.93 | 1.95 ± 2.74 | |||
| 4 weeks | 1.55 ± 0.80 | 1.65 ± 1.15 | 0.112 | 0.739 | 0.575 |
| 8 weeks | 1.68 ± 0.80 | 1.98 ± 1.61 | |||
| A.G.E. (AU) | |||||
| Baseline | 2.05 ± 0.26 | 2.04 ± 0.27 | |||
| 4 weeks | 1.83 ± 0.32 | 1.82 ± 0.23 | 0.000 | 0.767 | 0.246 |
| 8 weeks | 1.82 ± 0.34 | 1.91 ± 0.33 | |||
| Cortisol(ng/mL) | |||||
| Baseline | 80.81 ± 35.53 | 81.78 ± 25.30 | |||
| 4 weeks | 76.95 ± 27.36 | 79.06 ± 41.63 | 0.743 | 0.443 | 0.308 |
| 8 weeks | 72.63 ± 27.47 | 85.70 ± 26.27 | |||
| Lactic Acid(mmol/L) | |||||
| Baseline | 1.76 ± 0.86 | 1.52 ± 0.55 | |||
| 4 weeks | 1.65 ± 0.65 | 1.58 ± 0.61 | 0.454 | 0.699 | 0.093 |
| 8 weeks | 1.44 ± 0.45 | 1.61 ± 0.47 | |||
Note: * Interaction between Time and the Group. Abbreviations: NK, natural killer; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, A.G.E., advanced glycation end products; AU, arbitrary units.