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. 2020 Jul 13;9(7):614. doi: 10.3390/antiox9070614

Table 3.

Potentially bioaccessible phenolic compounds in the control and enriched rye bread.

Compounds Bread Sample Relative Accessibility Index
BRC BRP3 BRM3 BRI3 BRC BRP3 BRM3 BRI3
Anthocyanins ANT1 - 503 ± 2c 1 662 ± 2b 695 ± 2a - 5.7 6.2 6.4
ANT2 - 34.8 ± 0.1b 45.8 ± 0.2a 48.1 ± 0.2a - 4.0 4.4 5.4
ANT3 - 17.3 ± 0.1b 22.7 ± 0.1a 23.8 ± 0.1a - 4.8 5.6 5.7
ANT4 - 23.0 ± 0.1b 30.3 ± 0.1a 31.8 ± 0.1a - 5.7 7.4 8.5
SUM - 578 ± 239c 761 ± 315b 799 ± 202a - 5.5 6.1 6.4
Flavan-3-ols F301 16.7 ± 0.3d 27.2 ± 0.5c 40.2 ± 0.8a 36.6 ± 0.7b 1.7 0.9 1.0 1.3
F302 14.2 ± 0.8c 30.5 ± 0.6b 42.7 ± 0.8a 43.3 ± 0.8a 1.1 0.8 1.1 1.0
F303 13.1 ± 0.6d 5.4 ± 0.1c 30.1 ± 0.6a 23.4 ± 0.7b 0.1 0.1 1.0 0.9
F304 4.3 ± 0.2d 14.4 ± 0.2c 37.8 ± 0.7b 44.2 ± 0.8a 1.7 0.8 1.0 1.0
F305 10.2 ± 0.2c 6.1 ± 0.1d 18.7 ± 0.3b 22.8 ± 0.4a 1.1 0.4 1.0 1.3
SUM 58.5 ± 1.1c 83.7±1.2b 169 ± 3a 170 ± 3a 1.2 0.6 1.0 1.2
Phenolic acid PA1 2.5 ± 0.1a 1.6 ± 0.1b 2.5 ± 0.1a 2.7 ± 0.1a 2.8 0.3 0.5 0.5
PA2 5.1 ± 0.1a 0.9 ± 0.1b 1.5 ± 0.1b 1.6 ± 0.1b 2.0 0.3 0.7 0.7
PA3 12.3 ± 0.1a 5.5 ± 0.1d 8.8 ± 0.1c 9.2 ± 0.1b 15.0 0.8 0.4 0.4
PA4 5.5 ± 0.1a 2.7 ± 0.1c 4.3 ± 0.1b 4.6 ± 0.1b 5.9 0.7 0.6 0.6
PA5 2.7 ± 0.1c 121 ± 1b 221 ± 1a 219 ± 1a 17.0 1.0 2.1 2.1
PA6 5.5 ± 0.1a 2.7 ± 0.1c 4.3 ± 0.1b 4.5 ± 0.1b 1.1 0.5 1.2 1.3
PA7 0.7 ± 0.1c 63.2 ± 0.3b 99.8 ± 0.4a 95.7 ± 0.4a 1.7 0.8 1.0 0.9
PA8 1.4 ± 0.1c 6.1 ± 0.1b 9.7 ± 0.1a 10.1 ± 0.1a 7.5 0.8 1.7 1.3
SUM 35.8 ± 3.7d 204 ± 21c 352 ± 47a 347 ± 39b 3.3 0.9 1.4 1.3
Flavonols FL1 4.1 ± 0.1b 22.5 ± 0.1a 24.7 ± 0.1a 23.6 ± 0.1a 1.3 1.8 2.3 2.3
FL2 5.1 ± 0.1b 2.3 ± 0.2a 3.1 ± 0.2a 3.2 ± 0.2a 1.2 0.9 0.9 1.0
FL3 28.7 ± 0.1c 38.8 ± 0.2b 52.7 ± 0.2a 40.7 ± 0.2b 0.9 1.0 1.3 1.1
FL4 7.0 ± 0.1b 9.6 ± 0.1a 10.5 ± 0.1a 10.1 ± 0.1a 2.3 0.9 1.1 1.1
FL5 5.1 ± 0.1b 5.2 ± 0.1a 5.7 ± 0.1a 5.4 ± 0.1a 4.4 1.4 0.9 0.9
FL6 - 40.3 ± 0.2a 44.3 ± 0.2a 42.3 ± 0.2a - 1.4 1.3 1.2
FL7 - 8.1 ± 0.1a 8.9 ± 0.1a 8.5 ± 0.1a - 1.3 1.6 1.3
FL8 4.9 ± 0.1d 9.2 ± 0.1a 6.4 ± 0.1b 5.1 ± 0.1c 2.7 2.7 2.9 2.6
FL9 - 12.6 ± 0.1a 13.8 ± 0.1a 13.2 ± 0.1a - 2.7 2.9 2.6
FL10 - 5.4 ± 0.1a 5.9 ± 0.1a 5.6 ± 0.1a - 2.1 2.5 2.3
SUM 54.9 ± 9.1d 153 ± 15c 176 ± 18a 157 ± 15b 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.4
Sum of polyphenols 144 ± 25d 1047 ± 217c 1492 ± 270b 1506 ± 292a 1.4 1.6 1.9 2.1

1 Values are expressed as the mean (n = 18) ± standard deviation. Mean values bearing different letters in the same row denote statistical difference (a > b > c … etc.). BRC—rye bread control; BRP3—rye bread with 3% of fruit powder; BRM3—rye bread with 3% of fruit powders with maltodextrin; BRI3—rye bread with 3% of fruit powders with inulin; FP—additives fruit powders; FPM—additives of encapsulated fruit powders with maltodextrin; FPI—additives of encapsulated fruit powders with inulin; PC—sum of phenolic compounds; ANT—sum of anthocyanins; FL—sum of flavonols; PA—sum of phenolic acid; F3O—sum of flavan-3-ols (monomers and oligomers); F3O1—B-type procyjanidin dimer; F302—epigallocatechin; F3O3—B-type procyanidin dimer; F3O4—(-)-Epicatechin; F3O5—(+)-Catechin; FL1—kampferol-3-O-galactoside; FL2—kampferol-3-O-glucoside; FL3—quercetin-3-O-arabinoglucoside; FL4– quercetin-3-O-rutinoside; FL5—quercetin-3-O-robinobioside; FL6—quercetin-3-O-galactoside; FL7—quercetin-3-O-glucoside; FL8—quercetin-3-O-arabinoside; FL9—quercetin-3-O-xyloside; FL10—quercetin-3-O-deoxy-hexoside; ANT1—cyanidin-3-O-galactoside; ANT2—cyanidin-3-O-glucoside; ANT3—cyanidin-3-O-arabinoside; ANT4—cyanidin-3-O-xyloside; PA1—protocatechuic acid; PA2—vanilic acid; PA3—caffeic acid; PA4—3-O-caffequinic acid; PA5—ferulic acid; PA6—5-O-p-coumaroylquinic acid; PA7, 3-O-p-coumaroylquinic acid; PA8—4-O-p-coumaroylquinic acid.