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. 2020 Jul 21;9(7):643. doi: 10.3390/antiox9070643

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Effects of lycopene treatment at 1 nM, 10 nM, 100 nM, 1 μM, and 10 μM for 24 h on base excision repair-related genes. Graphic representation of fold changes in: (A,B) protein levels of 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1), Nei-like glycosylase (NEIL)1, NEIL2 and NEIL3; and (C) mRNA level of NTH1. Three replicates were used for statistical analysis. Values are means ± SEMs. NS—cells not exposed to smoke; S—cells exposed to smoke; * indicates significance at p < 0.05; ** indicates significance at p < 0.01 compared with the cells not exposed to smoke treated with vehicle; # indicates significance at p < 0.05 compared with the cells exposed to smoke treated with vehicle.

Effects of lycopene treatment at 1 nM, 10 nM, 100 nM, 1 μM, and 10 μM for 24 h on base excision repair-related genes. Graphic representation of fold changes in: (A,B) protein levels of 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1), Nei-like glycosylase (NEIL)1, NEIL2 and NEIL3; and (C) mRNA level of NTH1. Three replicates were used for statistical analysis. Values are means ± SEMs. NS—cells not exposed to smoke; S—cells exposed to smoke; * indicates significance at p < 0.05; ** indicates significance at p < 0.01 compared with the cells not exposed to smoke treated with vehicle; # indicates significance at p < 0.05 compared with the cells exposed to smoke treated with vehicle.