Figure 2.

A simplified diagram of the regulation of ASK1-mediated apoptosis by thioredoxin (Trx) and peroxiredoxin (Prx). Aβ (amyloid β); ASK1 (apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1); FAD (flavin adenine dinucleotide); Fas (apoptotic receptor); JNK (c-Jun NH₂-terminal kinases); MKP (MAPK phosphatases); NADP (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate); P (protein); TNF (tumour necrosis factor α); ROS (reactive oxygen species); TrxR (thioredoxin reductase); ? (means that this pathway is still unexplored); → (activation); ⊸ (inhibition). Compounds in yellow boxes are inhibitors.