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. 2020 Jul 4;9(7):585. doi: 10.3390/antiox9070585

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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SPA0355 decreased renal oxidative stress and regulated levels of pro-oxidant and antioxidant enzymes in LPS-treated mice. (A) Representative images of IHC of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) in kidneys. Bar = 20 μm. (B) Percentage of 4-HNE-positive area per field. (C) Renal levels of malondialdehyde (MDA). (D) Representative images of Western blotting of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 (NOX4) and GAPDH. (E) The mRNA levels of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and catalase. Results are from 8 mice per group (biological replicates) and 2 or 3 technical replicates per mouse. *** p < 0.001 vs. vehicle-treated mice (Veh). ^### p <0.001 vs. LPS-injected mice (LPS).