Table 2.

Different glove materials and characteristics

Type of glove	Indication
Latex	Used in maneuvers with high biological risk, that is, when it is necessary to handle blood or body fluids in a repeated or prolonged way Good protection against pathogen High tensile stretch, best fit and sense of touch, extremely flexible Contraindicated in latex allergy; should not be used with organic soils, oils, gas, or grease
Nitrile	Alternative to latex, especially if allergic to latex, for high-biological-risk procedures Moderate protection against pathogens High puncture and chemical resistance; good comfort, soft and flexible, but stiffer than latex More-expensive option
Vinyl–polyvinyl	Use in case of low biological risk (low protection against pathogens), for patient cleaning activities Food prep (low heat) Average resistance to chemicals (alcohols), low tensile strength Less-expensive option
Polyethylene	Only maneuvers where one-handed and short-lasting sterility is required (intravesical catheterization, endotracheal aspiration) Loose fit, ideal for frequent glove change, but low protection against hazardous materials Very economical
Synthetic gloves	Latex- and polyvinyl-free surgical or diagnostic gloves Very loose, no protection against pathogens Least-expensive option
Rubber or neoprene	Used to prepare surgical instruments and endoscopes for disinfection, cleaning of environments High mechanical resistance

Note: Gloves used for household activities in the community, although made of the same materials (eg, gloves made from natural latex, nitrile, vinyl, and polyethylene) usually do not meet the standards described for medical gloves that are used in health care.