Table 3.
Process of Care for Pain Management in the Pre- and Postintervention Phases
| Pre-ERAS (194) | ERAS (189) | Difference | (95% Confidence Intervals) | P Value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | % | N | % | ||||
| OFA | 33 | 17% | 110 | 58% | −41% | (−49% to −32%) | <.001 |
| Multimodal analgesia | 188 | 97% | 189 | 100% | −3% | (−7% to −1%) | 0.03 |
| Ketamine | 17 | 9% | 107 | 57% | −48% | (−55% to −39%) | <.001 |
| Lidocaine | 1 | 1% | 3 | 2% | −1% | (−4% to 2%) | 0.367 |
| Acetaminophen | 140 | 72% | 164 | 87% | −15% | (−22% to −7%) | <.001 |
| Regional anesthesia | 150 | 77% | 173 | 92% | −14% | (−21% to −7%) | <.001 |
| Celecoxib | 0 | 0% | 75 | 40% | −40% | (−47% to −33% | <.001 |
Note: Fisher exact test and Wilson 95% CI computed.
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; ERAS, enhanced recovery after surgery; OFA, opioid-free analgesia.