Effects of CTC 7-induced Nrf2-mediated HO-1 expression on glutamate-induced oxidative neurotoxicity and ROS generation in HT22 (A,B) cells and LPS-stimulated proinflammatory mediator production in RAW264.7 (C,D) and BV2 (E,F) cells. HT22 cells were treated with CTC 7 (40 μM) in the presence or absence of SnPP (50 μM). (A) Cell viability and (B) ROS generation were measured following treatment with glutamate (10 mM) for 12 h. RAW264.7 and BV2 cells were pretreated with CTC 7 (40 μM) for 3 h with or without SnPP (50 μM), and subsequently stimulated with LPS (1 μg/mL) for 24 h. Nitrite (C,E) and TNF-α (D,F) were assayed as described in the Materials and Methods section. Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation for three independent experiments. *** p < 0.001 compared to the glutamate or LPS control; # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01, ### p < 0.001 compared to CTC7 plus glutamate or LPS without SnPP.