Schematic representation of stroke neurotoxic insults and of the actions exerted by the bioactive compounds. The figure was made taking the images from Servier Medical Art (available at http://smart.servier.com/), licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). AMPK, monophosphate-activated protein kinase; CAT, catalase; HO-1, Heme oxygenase 1; Keap1, Kelch- like ECH- associated protein 1; MAPK, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinas; miRNA, microRNA; NQO1, NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1; PI3K, phosphoinositide 3-kinases; PKC, protein kinase C; SOD, Superoxide dismutase.