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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Aug 4.
Published in final edited form as: NPJ Clim Atmos Sci. 2020 Jan 17;3(1):2. doi: 10.1038/s41612-020-0106-4

Fig. 6. Ice-nucleating particle surface area variability when using size-selected aerosol.

Fig. 6

A total of 5 × 104 particles were sampled. The expected frequency distribution is given by squares connected by dashed lines. The total particle surface area present is and 2 × 10−4 cm2 when assuming a monopolar (gray bar) and bipolar charge distribution, respectively. The size-discriminated frozen fraction was determined from the modeled frozen fraction of 0.3 with a heterogeneous ice nucleation rate coefficient, Jhet = 1 × 107 cm−2 s−1. The analysis applies an ice nucleation activation time of 10 s.