Table 2. Salivary immune and hormonal responses (S-IgA, Sr-IgA, S-AA, S-C, S-T and S-T:C ratio) of young soccer players (U19, U17 and U15) across a soccer season.
| Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Under 15 (n = 17) | |||||||||
| S-IgA (mg.dL-1) | 279.3 (97.1) | 302.1 (95.2) | 285.6 (70.0) | 240.7 (124.9) | 224.3 (132.4) | 391.2(189.7)e | 248.6 (101.6) | 280.5 (136.8) | |
| sr-IgA (μg.min-1) | 98.5 (54.9) | 85.4 (31.6) | 78.0 (30.2) | 72.1 (26.2) | 84.5 (58.2) | 108.5 (59.5) | 65.6 (34.5)f | 74.9 (33.4) | |
| S-AA (U.mL-1) | 95.6 (60.5) | 87.1 (45.9) | 97.8 (49.1) | 81.1 (40.4) | 115.3 (57.0) | 109.6 (109.9) | 116.2 (72.8) | 93.9 (59.1) | |
| S-C (g/mL) | 208.7 (82.4) | 195.3 (77.9) | 132.4 (82.4)a | 144.5 (124.8) | 124.3 (98.1) | 119.6 (48.7) | 154.3 (43.0) | 165.6 (119.9) | |
| S-T (ng/mL) | 87.3 (34.5) | 69.6 (30.2) | 65.9 (29.6) | 67.8 (21.6) | 53.3 (18.0) | 110.2 (60.2)c,d,e | 72.9 (15.5) | 65.6 (27.9) | |
| S-T:C | 0.49 (0.28) | 0.45 (0.37) | 0.62 (0.32) | 0.69 (0.31) | 0.74 (0.62) | 1.25 (1.21) | 0.51 (0.20) | 0.49 (0.24)cf | |
| Under 17 (n = 22) | |||||||||
| S-IgA (mg.dL-1) | 368.3 (229.5) | 239.6 (117.9) | 289.8 (151.4) | 256.8 (153.1) | 270.3 (146.2) | 245.9 (128.4) £ | 293.8 (134.4) | 247.9 (117.5) | 227.0 (96.5) |
| sr-IgA (μg.min-1) | 68.5 (41.1) | 69.0 (41.6) | 72.5 (53.0) | 99.8 (58.1) | 120.8 (107.6) | 89.2 (45.5) | 121.2 (102.6) | 91.2 (90.3) | 63.1 (41.8) |
| S-AA (U.mL-1) | 54.5 (42.4) | 45.6 (43.9)£ | 54.4 (57.6)£ | 67.6 (99.5) | 41.2 (36.3)£ | 55.5 (60.1) | 58.3 (65.6) | 33.9 (43.0)£ | 47.3 (36.5) |
| S-C (ng/mL) | 130.5 (107.8)£ | 85.8 (63.0)£ | 56.0 (39.6)£ | 66.3 (54.7)£ | 49.1 (34.0)£ | 83.2 (41.6) | 84.1 (45.6)£ | 119.3 (77.0) | 101.1 (78.1) |
| S-T (ng/mL) | 84.8 (21.0) | 65.5 (19.0) | 71.5 (26.6) | 64.8 (21.8) | 60.5 (17.0) | 75.3 (27.0)£ | 107.3 (64.5) | 80.1 (28.3) | 64.0 (20.4) |
| S-T:C | 1.17 (1.0) £ | 1.14 (0.94)£ | 1.57 (0.87)g,h £ | 1.22 (0.56) £ | 1.80 (1.16)£ | 1.36 (1.53) | 1.40 (0.63) £ | 1.13 (1.05) | 1.10 (0.92) |
| Under 19 (n = 18) | |||||||||
| S-IgA (mg.dL-1) | 352.2 (111.2) | 241.8 (66.8) | 287.4 (145.5) | 277.9 (137.7) | 281.2 (128.5) | 290.9 (85.3) | 251.8 (126.3) | 286.4 (116.1) | 251.5 (91.5) |
| Sr-IgA(μg.min-1) | 154.3 (104.3)¥ | 145.5 (80.6)¥ | 117.8 (103.9) | 153.6 (90.1)£ | 170.6 (136.0) | 150.3 (98.5) | 120.0 (95.5) | 103.7 (57.2) | 118.0 (83.1)¥ |
| S-AA (U.mL-1) | 54.9 (51.6) | 56.2 (47.7) | 74.2 (73.6) | 91.3 (99.4) | 61.1 (44.8)£ | 71.2 (42.8) | 54.9 (52.7) | 37.5 (27.0) b | 60.0 (46.9) |
| S-C (ng/mL) | 232.5 (175.9) | 243.9 (163.0)¥ | 226.1(133.3)¥ | 179.1 (138.2)¥ | 236.4 (175.2)¥ | 222.9 (126.5)¥ | 99.3 (50.4)¥ | 292.7 (191.2) g, ¥ | 256.0 (210.2)¥ |
| S-T (ng/mL) | 90.5 (30.7) | 95.4 (20.9)¥£ | 87.7 (19.1) | 82.1 (21.4) | 90.8 (29.6)¥,£ | 87.9 (21.3) | 121.4 (39.0)£ | 97.9 (36.3)£ | 98.4 (33.9)¥ |
| S-T:C | 0.68 (0.69) | 0.73 (0.67) | 0.64 (0.63) ¥ | 0.92 (0.91) ¥ | 0.68 (0.60) ¥ | 0.66 (0.72)¥ | 1.36 (0.46) h£ | 0.57 (0.67)¥ | 0.70 (0.69) |
Data are mean (SD).
a significant difference with August
b significant differences with September
c significant difference with October
d significant difference with November
e significant difference with December
f significant difference with January
g significant difference with February
h significant difference with March
i significant difference with April, (p<0.05).
¥ significant difference with U-17
£ significant difference with U-15, p<0.05.