Fig 3.

A-C. After injections of Rm´per dsRNA circadian rhythmicity of running wheel activity remained synchronized with almost unchanged period (τ)in only one Madeira cockroach (n = 1 of 12). (A) Double-plotted running wheel activity rhythm of a Madeira cockroach in constant darkness one week before, and 28 days after the injection of Rm´per dsRNA (star). At day 35 of the locomotor activity recording the cockroach was sacrificed (cross) and qPCR was used to confirm the knockdown. Chi-square periodogram analysis of the number of running wheel turns indicated significant rhythmicity with a period of 24.27 h 1–7 days before Rm´per dsRNA injection (B) and 24.08 h 2–4 weeks after the injection (C).