Figure 3. Grand mean effect sizes of chemical stressors and nutrient enrichment on decomposer diversity (taxa richness and diversity indices), abundance (density and biomass), and litter decomposition.

Effect sizes are z-transformed correlation coefficients. Error bars show 95% confidence intervals. Numbers in parentheses indicate number of studies and observations, respectively. Symbols show the significance level for the comparison between mean effect size and zero (***p<0.001; *p<0.05). For full model results, see Appendix 2—table 2.