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. 2020 Jun 26;9:e55659. doi: 10.7554/eLife.55659

Appendix 1—table 1. Environmental quality criteria for stressors and nutrients.

Quality criteria were used to standardized the intensity levels of the different chemical stressors across studies included in the meta-analysis.

System Chemical or nutrient Unit1 Unit2 Quality criteria Citation
aquatic fungicide: pyrimethanil µg/l - 0.69 Abelho M, Martins TF, Shinn C, Moreira-Santos M, Ribeiro R. 2016. Effects of the fungicide pyrimethanil on biofilm and organic matter processing in outdoor lentic mesocosms. Ecotoxicology 25:121–131.
aquatic fungicide: tebuconazole µg/l - 0.10 https://echa.europa.eu/documents/10162/41e9d7aa-4559-f904-9cb5-0a0d5f0d6445
aquatic As µg/l - 13.00 https://echa.europa.eu/brief-profile/-/briefprofile/100.028.316
aquatic Al µg/l - 87.00 https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2018-12-21/pdf/2018-27745.pdf
aquatic Cu µg/l - 10.10 https://echa.europa.eu/brief-profile/-/briefprofile/100.124.825
aquatic Zn µg/l - 20.60 https://echa.europa.eu/brief-profile/-/briefprofile/100.028.341
aquatic Fe µg/l - 1000.00 https://www.epa.gov/wqc/national-recommended-water-quality-criteria-aquatic-life-criteria-table
aquatic Mn µg/l - 1000.00 https://www.epa.gov/wqc/national-recommended-water-quality-criteria-aquatic-life-criteria-table
aquatic Hg µg/l - 0.06 https://echa.europa.eu/brief-profile/-/briefprofile/100.028.278
aquatic Cd µg/l - 0.19 https://echa.europa.eu/brief-profile/-/briefprofile/100.028.320
aquatic insecticide: chlorpyrifos µg/l - 0.08 https://www.epa.gov/wqc/national-recommended-water-quality-criteria-aquatic-life-criteria-table
aquatic phenanthrene µg/l - 51.40 Wu, J. Y., Yan, Z. G., Liu, Z. T., Liu, J. D., Liang, F., Wang, X. N., & Wang, W. L. (2015). Development of water quality criteria for phenanthrene and comparison of the sensitivity between native and non-native species. Environmental Pollution, 196, 141-146.
aquatic Zn mg/kg - 117.80 https://echa.europa.eu/brief-profile/-/briefprofile/100.028.341
aquatic Cd mg/kg - 1.80 https://echa.europa.eu/brief-profile/-/briefprofile/100.028.320
aquatic Hg mg/kg - 9.30 https://echa.europa.eu/brief-profile/-/briefprofile/100.028.278
aquatic Pb mg/kg - 186.00 https://echa.europa.eu/brief-profile/-/briefprofile/100.028.273
terrestrial Cu mg/kg - 106.35 https://echa.europa.eu/brief-profile/-/briefprofile/100.124.825
terrestrial Zn mg/kg - 35.60 https://echa.europa.eu/brief-profile/-/briefprofile/100.028.341
terrestrial Ni mg/kg - 29.90 https://echa.europa.eu/brief-profile/-/briefprofile/100.028.283
terrestrial Mn mg/kg - 3.40 https://echa.europa.eu/brief-profile/-/briefprofile/100.028.277
terrestrial Hg µg/kg - 22.00 https://echa.europa.eu/brief-profile/-/briefprofile/100.028.278
terrestrial Pb mg/kg - 212.00 https://echa.europa.eu/brief-profile/-/briefprofile/100.028.273
terrestrial Cd mg/kg - 0.90 https://echa.europa.eu/brief-profile/-/briefprofile/100.028.320
terrestrial insecticide: chlorpyrifos kg/ha - 1.25 Iwai CB, Noller B. 2010. Ecotoxicological assessment of diffuse pollution using biomonitoring tool for sustainable land use in Thailand. Journal of Environmental Sciences 22:858–863.
terrestrial insecticide: endosulfan kg/ha - 1.25 Iwai CB, Noller B. 2010. Ecotoxicological assessment of diffuse pollution using biomonitoring tool for sustainable land use in Thailand. Journal of Environmental Sciences 22:858–863.
terrestrial herbicide: atrazine kg/ha - 1.88 Iwai CB, Noller B. 2010. Ecotoxicological assessment of diffuse pollution using biomonitoring tool for sustainable land use in Thailand. Journal of Environmental Sciences 22:858–863.
terrestrial insecticide: carbofuran kg/ha - 31.25 Iwai CB, Noller B. 2010. Ecotoxicological assessment of diffuse pollution using biomonitoring tool for sustainable land use in Thailand. Journal of Environmental Sciences 22:858–863.
aquatic pesticide mixture arbitrary - 1.00 Talk A. 2016. Effects of multiple butLow pesticide loads on aquatic fungal communities colonizing leaf litter. Journal of EnvironmentalSciences 46:116–125.
terrestrial herbicide: glyphosate kg/ha - 4.32 European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Conclusion on the peer review of the pesticide risk assessment of the active substance glyphosate. EFSA Journal 13, (2015).
terrestrial herbicide: simazine kg/ha - 0.10 https://ec.europa.eu/food/plant/pesticides/eu-pesticides-database/public/?event = activesubstance.detail and language = EN and selectedID = 1853
aquatic pesticide mixture sum or max of TU (toxic units) - −3.50 Schäfer, R. B., Caquet, T., Siimes, K., Mueller, R., Lagadic, L., & Liess, M. (2007). Effects of pesticides on community structure and ecosystem functions in agricultural streams of three biogeographical regions in Europe. Science of the Total Environment, 382(2-3), 272-285.
aquatic DIN mg/l N 3.05 Ministère de l’Environnement, de l’Énergie et de la Mer. Guide technique Relatif à l’évaluation de l’état des eaux de surface continen- tales (cours d’eau, canaux, plans d’eau). (2016).
aquatic NH4+ mg/l NH4 0.10 Ministère de l’Environnement, de l’Énergie et de la Mer. Guide technique Relatif à l’évaluation de l’état des eaux de surface continen- tales (cours d’eau, canaux, plans d’eau). (2016).
aquatic NO3 mg/l NO3 10.00 Ministère de l’Environnement, de l’Énergie et de la Mer. Guide technique Relatif à l’évaluation de l’état des eaux de surface continen- tales (cours d’eau, canaux, plans d’eau). (2016).
aquatic NO2 mg/l NO2 0.10 Ministère de l’Environnement, de l’Énergie et de la Mer. Guide technique Relatif à l’évaluation de l’état des eaux de surface continen- tales (cours d’eau, canaux, plans d’eau). (2016).
aquatic Total_N mg/l N 0.67 US EPA, O. Water Quality Criteria. US EPA (2013). Available at: https://www.epa.gov/wqc. (Accessed: 7th January 2019)
aquatic SRP mg/l PO43 0.10 Guide technique Relatif à l’évaluation de l’état des eaux de surface continen- tales (cours d’eau, canaux, plans d’eau). (Ministère de l’Environnement, de l’Énergie et de la Mer, 2016).
aquatic Total_P mg/l P 0.05 Guide technique Relatif à l’évaluation de l’état des eaux de surface continen- tales (cours d’eau, canaux, plans d’eau). (Ministère de l’Environnement, de l’Énergie et de la Mer, 2016).
terrestrial N deposition kg/ha/yr N 20.00 Pardo, L.H., Fenn, M.E., Goodale, C.L., Geiser, L.H., Driscoll, C.T., Allen, E.B., Baron, J.S., Bobbink, R., Bowman, W.D., Clark, C.M., Emmett, B., Gilliam, F.S., Greaver, T.L., Hall, S.J., Lilleskov, E.A., Liu, L., Lynch, J.A., Nadelhoffer, K.J., Perakis, S.S., Robin-Abbott, M.J., Stoddard, J.L., Weathers, K.C. and Dennis, R.L. (2011), Effects of nitrogen deposition and empirical nitrogen critical loads for ecoregions of the United States. Ecological Applications, 21: 3049-3082. doi:10.1890/10-2341.1; derived critical loads (i.e. level of deposition below which no detrimental ecological effect occurs over the long term according to current knowledge) from empirical data for various (plant) species and ecosystems
terrestrial P fertilization kg/ha/yr P 35.00 Amery, F., & Schoumans, O. F. (2014). Agricultural phosphorus legislation in Europe. Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO).