Fig. 5.

Area under the concentration–time curve ratios (AUCR) and maximum (peak) concentration ratios (C_maxR) of edoxaban with and without concomitantly taken drugs. Results of drug–drug interaction trials that have been conducted and published up to January 2020 are depicted [59, 76, 84, 98, 114–117]. A ratio equals 1 if the co-administered drug statistically insignificantly influenced direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) pharmacokinetics. Green bars: AUCR and C_maxR > 0.5 and < 2. Yellow bars: AUCR and C_maxR ≤ 0.5 and ≥ 2. Red bars: AUCR and C_maxR ≥ 5. ¹DOAC microdoses administered. ²Ketoconazole 400 mg investigated. ³Verapamil provided in an extended-release formulation. ⁴Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) 325 mg/day administered. ⁵ASA 100 mg/day administered. ⁶Rifampicin was given repeatedly