Figure 2.

Unhealthy food habits promote the delivery of excess saturated fatty acids and carbohydrates that lead to increased biosynthesis of C16 and C18 ceramides in the liver and skeletal muscle, respectively. CerS6 mediated C16 ceramide plays critical role in the fatty liver development via (a) increased insulin resistance (b) increased de-novo lipogenesis, (c) mitochondrial dysfunction, and (d) increased endoplasmic reticulum stress. CerS1 mediated C18 ceramide is involved in the development of skeletal muscle insulin resistance.