Table 1.
Small Animal Models Presented for HIV, HBV, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.
| Animal Model | Pathogen | Application | Investigator |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lung-only mice (LoM) | MERS-CoV, ZIKV, BCG, influenza H3N2, RSV, HCMV | Infection with respiratory disease viruses | J.V. Garcia A. Wahl |
| BLT-Lung Mouse (BLT-L) | |||
| Hu-PBL, hu-HSC, BLT mice | ZIKV, dengue virus, HIV-1, HIV-2 | Gene therapy, sexual transmission and prevention, viral latency and reactivation, siRNAs aptamers and broadly neutralizing antibodies, hu-mouse viral outgrowth assay | R. Akkina |
| Rag2DK mice | ZIKV | Microcephaly | |
| TK-NOG mice with human hepatocytes and macrophages | HIV, HBV | Study of HIV/HBV co-infections and development of dual-acting therapeutics | L. Poluektova |
| NSG mice with HLA-A2 transgene, BLTS mice | HIV, HBV | Study of HIV-associated vaccines/therapeutics and HIV/hepatitis B virus-induced liver disease | M. Bility |
| FNRG-A2-Hep, HIS/Hep mice | HIV, HBV | Study of human hepatotropic pathogens | A. Ploss |
| TIRF, FRG, uPA, TK-NOG mice | HBV | Study of human hepatotropic pathogens | K.-D. Bissig |
| Eastern woodchuck | Woodchuck hepatitis virus | Testing of nucleos(t)ide analogs, immunomodulators and compounds directed against unique host or viral targets | S. Menne |
| Rhesus macaques transgenic or transduced with human HBV surface receptor sodium taurocholate cotransporting poly peptide (NTCP) | HBV | Testing of direct antivirals for HBV | B. Burwitz |
| BLT mouse model | HIV/Mtb co-infection |
Effect of HIV infection on outcome of TB TB relapse model to study host-directed therapies and discovery of mechanisms of disease |
J. Endsley |
| C57BL/6 mice, nonhuman primates | Mtb | Comparative analysis of CD4 T cell responses to Mtb infections | D. Barber |
| BALB/c and C3HeB/FeJ mice | Mtb | Study of host-directed therapies | P. Karakousis |
| BALB/c, C3HeB/FeJ, and athymic nude mice | Mtb | Study of novel regimens for active TB and LTBI | E. Nuermberger |
| Guinea pigs | Mtb | Study of host-directed therapy and comorbidity research |
B. Podell |
| Rabbits | Mtb | Evaluation of effectiveness of TB therapy and vaccines during mixed Mtb infection in the lungs | S. Subbian |
| BLT=bone-marrow/liver/thymus PBL=peripheral blood lymphocytes HSC=hematopoietic stem cells FNRG= Fah-/-on NOD, Rag1-/-, IL2 rγ-/- |
TIRF= transgene-free, IL2 rγ-/-, Rag2-/-, Fah-/- FRG= Fah−/−/Rag2−/−/IL2rγ−/− uPA= uroplasminogen activator |
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