Table 2.
Comparison of characteristics by progression of diabetic retinopathy (n = 1303).
| Characteristics | Non-progression, N = 1169 | Progression, N = 134 | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 59 ± 11 | 57 ± 12 | 0.060 |
| Male | 545 (46.6) | 61 (45.5) | 0.809 |
| Duration of diabetes (years) | 8.5 ± 7.5 | 10.6 ± 7.8 | 0.002 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.1 ± 3.6 | 24.9 ± 3.7 | 0.560 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 130.1 ± 19.2 | 128.5 ± 18.0 | 0.467 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 77.6 ± 12.8 | 76.4 ± 12.1 | 0.433 |
| FPG (mg/dl) | 145.2 ± 64.1 | 173.6 ± 83.8 | <0.001 |
| HbA1c (%) | 7.6 ± 1.7 | 8.7 ± 2.0 | <0.001 |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73m2) | 78.2 ± 21.6 | 77.0 ± 22.9 | 0.520 |
| eGFR category | |||
| G1 (≥90 ml/min/1.73m2) | 303 (25.9) | 34 (25.4) | 0.483 |
| G2 (60-89 ml/min/1.73m2) | 664 (56.8) | 70 (52.2) | |
| G3 (30-59 ml/min/1.73m2) | 176 (15.1) | 27 (20.1) | |
| G4 (15-29 ml/min/1.73m2) | 26 (2.2) | 3 (2.2) | |
| Albuminuria∗ | |||
| - | 979 (91.8) | 95 (81.2) | <0.001 |
| +~+++ | 88 (8.2) | 22 (18.8) | |
| Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 13.3 ± 1.7 | 13.2 ± 1.8 | 0.782 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 167.5 ± 37.5 | 165.2 ± 43.4 | 0.581 |
Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation and number (percent). ∗1184 subjects measured albuminuria on urine dipstick. Abbreviation: DR: diabetic retinopathy; NPDR: nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy; PDR: proliferative diabetic retinopathy; BMI: body mass index; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; FPG: fasting plasma glucose; Hemoglobin A1c: HbA1c; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate.